The use of pilot symbols for channel estimation introduces overhead and it is thus desirable to keep the number of pilot symbols to a minimum. The number of needed pilot symbols for a desired bit error rate and Doppler frequency is highly dependent on the pilot pattern used in orthogonal frequency division multiplexed, OFDM, systems. Five different pilot patterns are analysed by means of resulting

In this paper we consider the problem of packet loss concealment for Voice over IP (VoIP). The speech signal is compressed at the transmitter using A sinusoidal coding scheme working at 8 kbit/s. At the receiver, packet loss concealment is carried out working directly on the quantized sinusoidal parameters, based on time-scaling of the packets surrounding the missing ones. Subjective listening tes

History in films often reflects attitudes in contemporary society. Thus, films deals more with the time when it was produced rather then the historical time that it is set in. In Clio på bio, I discuss how american history have been "written" and "rewritten" in films due to changes in the american society from late 19th century to the early 21st century.

Telomeric DNA generally comprises a repetitive, noncoding sequence which terminates in a single‑stranded extension, the 3' overhang. Although these species‑specific repeats show a large diversity in sequence and length, they comprise some specific characteristic conserved features. Therefore, analyses of the telomeric repeats of various organisms have delivered important insights concerning the or

Earlier we have studied the bandwidth and distance of binary codes created by Butterworth lowpass filtering of a pulse stream. Here the work is extended to 4- and 8-ary inputs (16- and 64-ary QAM). Performance reaches into a very narrow-band part of the distance-bandwidth plane. An M-algorithm decoder is tested.

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The growing field of biotechnology is in constant need of proteins that can function as recognition tools for separational, analytical and therapeutic purposes. Different molecular engineering approaches are applied on natural proteins in order to create variants with desired properties. This thesis is based on five original papers that deal with selection, characterisation and application of nove

In situations that require creative thinking, there is no well-known procedure for how to reach the goal, or the solution. Among other things, it is not clear how choices between outcomes are made, or when the search for a solution should terminate. The article focusses on the evaluation of solutions that are generated during the search. The general question concerns the standards according to whi

This chapter gives an introduction to how psychology has dealt with the human being as a culture influenced being. This topic is discussed also within the context of cross-cultural interaction and migration to a new country. First the debate on the meaning of culture is reviewed and discussed. Here the changing and heterogeneous nature of socially dependent understanding is emphasized. The larger

In this paper we define a many-valued semantics for hybrid logic and we give a sound and complete tableau system which is proof-theoretically well-behaved, in particular, it gives rise to a decision procedure for the logic. This shows that many-valued hybrid logics is a natural enterprise and opens up the way for future applications.