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Denna uppsats behandlar gränsdragningen mellan kontraktsarbete och ÄTA-arbete i mängdreglerade entreprenader, med särskilt fokus på situationer där arbeten saknas i mängdförteckning men framgår av andra kontraktshandlingar. Analysen tar sin utgångspunkt i spänningsförhållandet mellan kompletteringsregeln i AB 04 kap. 1 § 2, enligt vilken kontraktshandlingarna ska komplettera varandra, och komplettThis thesis examines the distinction between contractual work and variation work (ÄTA-work) in quantity-regulated construction contracts, with particular focus on situations where work is specified in the contract documents but omitted from the bill of quantities. The analysis is based on the tension between the rule of complementarity in AB 04 Chapter 1 Section 2, according to which contract docu

The Mediterranean subpopulation of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) is classified as Endangered by the IUCN, yet the western Ionian Sea, a key corridor connecting the eastern and western Mediterranean sub-populations, remains a data-poor region for cetacean monitoring. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) offers an effective approach for long-term surveillance of this deep-diving species, but la

During the summer season, many popular beaches are subjected to human disturbances by way of excessive trampling and beach cleaning. Falsterbo beach in the south of Sweden is one example of this. By making plant establishment harder and removing important habitat structures, these types of disturbances have been shown to negatively influence the vegetation of coastal habitats, reducing both biodiv

The “teenage deportations” emerged from more austere migration politics and have received considerable medial attention in Sweden since early January. This paper broadens the literature on the depiction of migrants through this contemporary case and expands previous research, primarily focused on ethnicity, gender and religion. A qualitative critical discourse analysis (CDA), combined with mediat

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Inflammation plays an important role in different CVD such as atherosclerosis and myocarditis. Myocarditis is characterized by immune cell infiltration in the myocardium. This can lead to fibrosis, cardiac remodeling, progression to dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. New evidence highlights the role of immunometaboli

Uppsatsen har syftat till att kritiskt granska samtyckesrekvisitet i 16 kapitlet 4 § HSL samt 10 kapitlet 8 och 9 §§ SoL (kallad SIP-bestämmelsen), speciellt i relation till individer med nedsatt beslutsförmåga. Lagtext och dess förarbeten har granskats liksom den praktiska tillämpningen av SIP-bestämmelsen. Dessutom har bestämmelsen satts i ett annat perspektiv genom att samtyckesregleringen i SVThis essay set out to critically examine the need for consent regarding the possibility to obtain a coordinated individual plan (SIP). This is covered in a legal provision I refer to as the SIP-provision. It is analysed in relation to individuals with impaired decision-making capacity. The legal provision as well as preparatory works has been explored and there is also the aspect of how the provis

The improvement of the structural properties in crystalline materials is of critical importance for an efficient use of natural resources and a circular economy. It has been found that these properties can be altered through severe plastic deformation. Bimodal harmonic structured (bHS) materials is a new class of materials having specified topological arrangement of coarse- and ultra-fine grains.

Dagens elitidrott präglas av en omfattande personuppgiftsbehandling, särskilt av professionella idrottares hälsouppgifter. För att vara konkurrenskraftig, både som idrottare och som idrottslag, krävs en långtgående och detaljerad planering av träning, hälsa och livsstil. Därtill har lag idag tillgång till avancerad teknik som möjliggör närmast minutiös optimering av prestation. Resultatet är att bModern elite sports are characterized by extensive processing of personal data, particularly professional athletes’ health data. To remain competitive, both as an individual athlete and as a team, far-reaching planning of training, health, and lifestyle is required. In addition, teams have access to advanced technology that enables the maximization of performance. As a result, the processing of he

Urban expansion is a defining feature of rapidly growing cities and has important implications for urban thermal behaviours, particularly in hot and semi-arid regions that are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Tripoli, the capital of Libya, has experienced substantial urban growth over recent decades under conditions of weak planning and uneven development. Despite this, th

I denna uppsats undersöks hur prisjusteringsbestämmelsen i AB 04 och AB 25 (som är avsedd att ersätta AB 04) ska tolkas, med särskilt fokus på om rekvisiten om väsentlighet och oförutsebarhet kan tolkas i ljuset av hardshipklausulerna i DCFR, UPICC och PECL. Flera författare i den juridiska litteraturen uppmärksammar likheter mellan regleringarna. De aktuella bestämmelserna, AB 04 kap. 6 § 3 och AThis thesis examines how the price adjustment provision in AB 04 and AB 25 (which is intended to replace AB 04) should be interpreted, with a particular focus on whether the provision can be interpreted in light of the hardship clauses in DCFR, UPICC and PECL. Several authors in the legal literature have noted similarities between these regulations. The relevant provisions, AB 04 Chapter 6, Sectio

Företagshemligheter utgör ofta värdefulla tillgångar för företag. I kommersiella relationer kan företag i stor utsträckning själva kontrollera hur konfidentiell information hanteras, exempelvis genom sekretessavtal. Därutöver finns ett lagstadgat skydd i lagen om företagshemligheter, som skyddar mot obehöriga angrepp på företagshemligheter. När information lämnas till en myndighet förändras dock dTrade secrets often constitute valuable assets for companies. In commercial relationships, companies can largely control how confidential information is handled, for example through non-disclosure agreements. In addition, there is statutory protection under the Protection of Trade Secrets Act, which safe-guards against unauthorized access to trade secrets. However, when information is submitted to

Kommuner anses i svensk rätt inte ha kompetens att ägna sig åt rent statliga angelägenheter. En sådan exklusiv statlig angelägenhet är utrikespolitiken. I denna uppsats har jag undersökt vad den begränsningen får för konsekvenser för den kommunala kompetensens omfattning. I det syftet har jag studerat dels innebörden av begreppet utrikespolitik i svensk rätt, dels hur den kommunala kompetensen begIn Swedish law, municipalities do not have competence to act in matters which are the responsibility of the state. One such responsibility is foreign policy. In this essay I have examined the consequences of this limitation for the extent of municipal competence. To this end I have studied the meaning of the concept of foreign policy in Swedish law, and how municipal competence is limited by the p

I början av 2024 trädde lagen (2023:875) om tilläggsskatt (TSL) i kraft, resultatet av mångårigt samarbete inom OECD och EU för att motverka skattebaserodering och vinstförflyttning. Regelverket är omfattande, komplext och till stor del baserat på internationell koncernredovisning. Eftersom koncernredovisningsstandarder inte regleras i lag, väcker redovisningens roll i tilläggsskattelagen frågor o

Switzerland operates one of the strictest regimes regulating posted work in Europe, going beyond what EU law requires in several aspects. Based on Switzerland's interpretation of the Posted Work Directive, it introduced the so-called Flanking Measures, which regulates posted work in Switzerland, and despite posing burdensome administrative costs, limited market access, and potentially high fin

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 transformed the European security environment, leading Finland and Sweden to join NATO and placing Finland, Sweden and Norway within a shared alliance framework. Despite this, the three countries retain distinct national total defence models. This thesis asks whether the post-2022 security environment is producing convergence in the total defence arc

Stiftelseinstitutet vilar fundamentalt på respekten för stiftarens vilja. Det yt-tersta uttrycket för stiftarviljan är stiftelseförordnandet, vari stiftaren anger ramarna för den verksamhet som ska bedrivas i stiftelsen. Förordnandet utgör också stiftelsens främsta styrdokument. Förordnandet uppvisar en tudelad karaktär. Å ena sidan fungerar det som ett framåtsyftande och bindande styrdokument fThe foundation as a legal institution fundamentally rests on respect for the founder’s intent. The ultimate expression of this intent is the foundation deed (stiftelseförordnande), in which the founder defines the framework for the activities to be conducted by the foundation. The deed also serves as the foundation’s primary governing document. The foundation deed exhibits a dual nature. On one

I denna uppsats undersöks huruvida det av Liberalerna föreslagna gottgörande arbetet som disciplinåtgärd i grundskolan är förenligt med det rättighetsskydd som stadgas i svensk rätt, genom RF och SkolL, och det rättighetsskydd som stadgas i EKMR genom artiklarna 4 och 14. Det saknas utrymme för gottgörande arbete som disciplinåtgärd i nuvarande SkolL. I SkolL stadgas att barnets bästa ska beaktaThis paper examines whether the compensatory labour proposed by the Swedish Liberal Party as a disciplinary measure in elementary school is compatible with the protection of rights enshrined in Swedish law, through the Constitution and the Education Act, and the protection of rights enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights through Articles 4 and 14. There is no provision for compensa

This study explores how expert knowledge is perceived and how the government adjusts to expert knowledge within the Swedish referral system, by studying the case of the Security Zones Act (Lagen om säkerhetszoner, SFS 2024:200). The purpose is to analyze how experts and officials perceive the referral systems’ instrumental and symbolic meaning, and how the Swedish government adjusts to the expert

The notion that a unified EU is a more effective Union is a prominent, but contested assumption within the field of EU external action. But how relevant is the EU’s unity for the attainment of its foreign policy objectives? For issues of political salience, such as migration, EU unity carries particular relevance. This thesis asks: to what extent does the European Union’s level of cohesiveness aff