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Building on Forney's concept of the genie (1972), and introducing the idea of an explicit statistical description of the side information provided to the genie-aided detector, we develop a generic tool for derivation of lower bounds on the bit-error rate of any actual receiver. With this approach, the side information statistics become design parameters, which may be chosen to give the resulting b
This study investigated how selected packaging suppliers viewed innovations in food packaging, their role and the roles of other actors in the chain. Six companies and ten respondents were selected based on suggestions from previous interviews of retailers and food manufacturers. Data collection consisted of responses to specific questions followed by responses to open-ended questions. The results
No abstract. Prepared for United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), Madrid, Spain.
In this paper Modelica and Optimica are used to solve two different optimal control problems for a system consisting of a pendulum and a cart. These optimizations will demonstrate that Optimica is easy to use and powerful when optimizing systems with highly non-linear dynamics. The optimal control trajectories are applied to a real pendulum and cart system, in open loop as well as in closed loop w
Abstract Fatty acids mobilized from triacylglycerol stores are a major energy source in humans. Mobilization occurs through the consecutive action of three lipases: adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and monoglyceride lipase (MGL). Whereas ATGL and MGL only hydrolyse tri- and monoacylglycerols, respectively, HSL has a broad substrate range and hydrolyses cholesterol
Previously the authors presented a novel duplex method for very high bit-rate digital subscriber lines (VDSL) called Zipper. With this method all VDSL-modems on different wires in the same bindergroup have to be time-synchronized to avoid near-end cross-talk (NEXT). We describe a method which enables Zipper to run in a time-asynchronous mode. By introducing pulse-shaping in the transmitter and win
All higher functions of the cell are dependent on cell signaling. It is the way of the cell to obtain information about the world surrounding it. By getting information on e.g. temperature, glucose concentrations, or the density of neighboring cells, the cell can make decisions on how to optimally act given the supplied information. Even though cells are very different, some of the basic mechanism
