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In order to better understand the relations between different risk factors in the predisposition to type 2 diabetes, we present a Bayesian Network analysis of a large dataset, composed of three European population studies. Our results show, together with a key role of metabolic syndrome and of glucose after 2 hours of an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, the importance of education, measured as the num
In the thesis work, two X-ray scattering techniques, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) were combined to study particle formation in-situ and non-intrusively in ethylene laboratory flames. Combining these two techniques enabled information concerning the size and concentration as well as the subnanometer structure of the nanoparticles within the 1–100 nm range there to be obtai
Objective The primary aim of this thesis was to test whether gestational exposure to environmental factors may induce islet autoimmunity. The second aim was to determine to what extent the exposure to viruses or other environmental factors is a risk factor for type 1 diabetes in the offspring. As children with type 1 diabetes have a higher risk of developing celiac disease (CD), an additional aim
Community screening to guide preventive interventions for acute aortic disease has been recommended in high-risk individuals. We sought to prospectively assess risk factors in the general population for aortic dissection (AD) and severe aneurysmal disease in the thoracic and abdominal aorta.
Esophageal dysmotility and gastroparesis are common secondary complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. Patients with dysmotility express antibodies against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in serum. The aim of the present study was to scrutinize patients with diabetes mellitus with regard to the presence of GnRH antibodies, and to examine associations between antibodies and clinical
Studies on beta cell metabolism are often conducted in rodent beta cell lines due to the lack of stable human beta cell lines. Recently, a human cell line, EndoC-βH1, was generated. Here we investigate stimulus-secretion coupling in this cell line, and compare it with that in the rat beta cell line, INS-1 832/13, and human islets.
Type 2 diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide thereby posing a severe burden on individual and public health. Although this increase can be ascribed to both genetic and environmental factors, until 2007, the genetic factors have been largely restricted to a few candidate genes based upon our limited knowledge of the pathogenesis of the disease. In an attempt to identify underlying genetic loci,
Fossil pollen records retrieved from peat and lake sediments have great potential for quantifying past plant cover. This thesis is a contribution to the development of a palynological interpretation tool for reconstructing past cultural landscapes in terms of plant abundance and distribution. The aims of this thesis are (1) to explore pollen-vegetation relationships in the ancient, traditional cul
Some phytoplankton have the ability to combine phototrophy and heterotrophy within the same individual, which is called mixotrophy. In this thesis, I adress mixotrophy and competitive interactions of mixotrophs and obligate auto- or heterotrophs in relation to the availability of nutrients, light and prey. In addition, I examine the biomass of mixotrophic phytoplankton and their grazing impact on
