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Social support is important for human well-being. Adolescents with experience of out-of-home care (OHC) have an increased risk of low well-being and lack of strong social support networks. Well-being in the general population is known to fluctuate during the life-course, particularly during adolescence. The purpose of this study was to increase our understanding of how well-being differs at differ
Fungal infections are a major health problem that often begin in the gastrointestinal tract. Gut microbe interactions in early childhood are critical for proper immune responses, yet there is little known about the development of the fungal population from infancy into childhood. Here, as part of the TEDDY (The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young) study, we examine stool samples of
The exact spatial and temporal behaviour of rapid climate shifts during the Last Glacial– Interglacial Transition are still not entirely understood. In order to investigate these events, it is necessary to have detailed palaeoenvironmental reconstructions at geographically spread study sites combined with reliable correlations between them. Tephrochronology, i.e., using volcanic ash deposits in ge
Background: Research concerning the potential roles of cardiovascular disease (CaVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) as risk factors for Lewy body disease (LBD) is limited. These disorders are, however, established risk factors for vascular dementia (VaD) and have been proposed as risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CaVD and D
Randomized clinical trials are the preferred study design to address key research questions about the benefits or harms of interventions. However, randomized trials of oxygen therapy are difficult to conduct and have limitations. The purpose of this article is to offer our view on the potential use of patient registries in the field of home oxygen in COPD as an alternative to randomized trials by
Harvesting of wood for bioenergy purpose will probably increase in importance in the future, in order to replace fossil fuel. However, the environmental impact of increased harvesting might be considerable, e.g. on soil and water chemistry, biodiversity and long-term productivity, and in this study we investigate thresholds for sustainable harvesting volumes. The study is based on scientific revie
This chapter discusses the value of a capability approach in historical research on older people. Historians are generally focused on studying continuity and change over time. Their research often aims at explaining how and why certain phenomena appear and take different shapes. Capability is a way of capturing an individual’s ability to live a meaningful life, or a life that they perceive as good
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of insulin sensitivity and muscle fibre composition to exercise capacity in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). METHODS: Thirty-nine male patients with T2D, 44 male subjects with IGT and 58 subjects with NGT matched for age, weight and body mass index (BMI) participa
It has been suggested that physical or social activity is associated with fewer sleep disturbances among elderly people. Women report more sleep disturbances than men, which could indicate a variation in activity patterns between the genders. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between sleep disturbances and leisure activities in men and women (n = 945) aged ≥60 years in a Swedis
Background: The palliative care approach was originally developed for hospice care and for persons with cancer diseases, but has gradually expanded to embrace other contexts and people of all ages, with various life-threatening diseases. The palliative care concept thus also applies to older people and the context of municipal care, where Registered Nurses (RNs) hold key care provision positions.
Abstract Background: Empowerment is essential in the rehabilitation process for people with psychiatric disabilities and knowledge about factors that may play a key role within this process would be valuable for further development of the day centre services. Objective: The present study investigates day centre attendees' perceptions of empowerment. The aim was to investigate which factors show th
This chapter argues for the importance of developing historical reference frames for Scandinavian children born to foreign fighters in the so-called Islamic State (IS)—that is, seeing them as children born of war (CBOW) rather than as “IS children”—to strengthen the case for their repatriation from Kurdish detention camps. Politicians across the region today stress they want to repatriate the chil
Postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) following immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is associated with postoperative complications. Although the incidence of node-positive breast cancer is declining, a separate sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is still performed before mastectomy when IBR is planned, in order to evaluate nodal status and the need for PMRT. This study assessed the impact of staged
The term hybrid immunity is used to denote the immunological status of vaccinated individuals with a history of natural infection. Reports of new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern motivate continuous rethought and renewal of COVID-19 vaccination programs. We used a naturalistic case-control study design to compare the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine to hybrid immunity 180 days post-vaccina
Real-time prediction of train arrivals is important for proactive traffic control and information provision in passenger rails. Despite many studies in predicting arrival times or delays at stations, they are essentially the next-step time series prediction problem which may limit their applications in practice. For example, passengers on the trains or waiting on platforms may have different desti
Phobias have historically and evolutionary been vital for humans to escape quickly or fight in dangerous situations. The anxieties that phobias evoke have made people live longer. Evolutionarily, anxiety has been good, but fear and anxiety come in unjustified situations for the civilized population in the 21st century. Some people have an extra sensitive reaction system activated too often in irre
