Matsvinn är ett enormt miljömässigt, socialt och ekonomiskt problem. För att förebygga matsvinn har EU och FN uppmuntrat matvaruaffärer att donera ätbara livsmedel, som de av någon anledning inte vill sälja, istället för att slänga dem. Livsmedelslagstiftningen ställer dock till med problem. Särskilt den otydliga regleringen på området, ansvarsregler och skattebestämmelser avskräcker företag fråFood waste is a significant environmental, social and economic problem. In order to prevent food waste, both the EU and UN have encouraged grocery stores to donate rather than waste edible foodstuffs that are unable to be sold. However, the foodstuff legislation causes problems. Especially the ambiguous regulations, liability legislation and tax legislation discourage companies from donating foo

Ett problem när det kommer till kompetensregleringen mellan bolagsstämma och styrelse är om aktiebolagslagen uttömmande anger vilka åtgärder som är att betrakta som exklusivt tillhöriga bolagsstämman, eller om det existerar även andra frågor som styrelsen måste underställa bolagsstämman. Sådana frågor som i princip är så pass ingripande att de förändrar förutsättningarna för bolagsbildningen, elle

Magnetic and related properties of rocks and products from oxidation of sulphide minerals have been investigated with magnetisation measurements (rocks and oxidation products), magnetic force microscopy (rocks), scanning electron microscopy (rocks and oxidation products), transmission electron microscopy (oxidation products), Mössbauer spectroscopy (oxidation products) and powder X-ray diffraction

A distillation unit has been designed for a capacity of 73 t/h of condensate and for at least 90% recovery of the contaminating organics. This unit consists of three columns: a primary stripper to remove volatile organics and two upgrading columns to purify the methanol and furfural byproducts. Three different energy-saving alternatives for satisfying the energy requirements have been studied: ut

Creep and shrinkage are two major problems to be discussed in concrete design. Basic creep is studied during constant loading, temperature and moisture conditions, i.e. no exchange of moisture takes place to or from the specimen during the test period. In this paper an experimental and numerical study of basic creep of High Performance Concrete (HPC) is outlined. For this purpose cylinders and cub

When analysing new types of sewage systems, knowledge is needed on the composition of the different wastewater fractions. The computer model URWARE, developed from the model ORWARE, is intended to analyse and compare different wastewater system structures, e.g. to compare wastewater systems where urine and/or faeces are source separated with conventional wastewater systems, where the different was

Background: The coexistence of cataract and age related macular degeneration (AMD) is not unusual, especially in the very elderly. The outcome of cataract surgery in these cases depends on the effect of AMD on vision. In this study the authors have compared the outcome of cataract patients with AMD to that of cataract patients with no vision threatening ocular comorbidity, and analysed possible pr

In the first essay of this thesis we develop a model for calculating the net expected value of a swap agreement subject to dual-default risk. The main explanatory variable for the net expected return of a swap is the default intensity of each party measured by the credit rating of the firm. We derive the net expected return of the swap as a function of the credit rating of the firm receiving the f

This paper presents a methodology with the purpose of modeling and simulating outdoor temperature and relative humidity (vapor concentration) related to moisture exposure on timber structures. The methodology is based on time-series analysis with recorded meteorological data used as input. In situations where recorded data is missing or consists of limited sequences, this methodology offers the po

In many existing buildings, energy conservation measures have significantly reduced the demands for heat supply. In new buildings, advances in a wide range of technologies have led to even greater reductions. On the other hand, demands for electrical energy have risen noticeably. Unfortunately, it now seems that the use of both heat and electrical energy is starting to increase, especially in non

Studies on the emergence of the picture sign in small children Pictures take part in every day life for as well adults as for children. In interaction with children, pictures are often used to facilitate communication, but the child does not understand pictures as adults do; that is as signs. In my studies I try to approach an understanding of the child’s emergence of the picture sign. Empirical

Load problems in electricity markets occur both on the supply and demand side and can have technical, economic and even political causes. Commonly, such problems have been solved by expanding production and/or distribution capacity, importing electricity or by load management. Load management is a techno-economic measure for harmonizing the relations between supply and demand sides, optimizing pow