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If a residence permit cannot be awarded on other grounds, a permit may, according to chapter 5.6 in the Aliens Act, be granted to an alien if there are exceptionally distressing circumstances. Since July 2014, children may be granted permits if the circumstances are particularly distressing. Prior to July 2014, both children and adults needed to meet the criteria exceptionally distressing circumst
Varumärkesförfalskning är idag ett allmänt förekommande problem. Utbredningen av förfalskade varor riskerar att minska incitamenten att investera och bygga upp varumärken, på samma sätt som incitamenten att investera i och utveckla läkemedel skulle minska om möjligheten till patent försvagades. Varumärkesförfalskning är ett problem för både konsumenter och näringsidkare. Konsumenterna riskerar attCounterfeiting in gods is a fast growing issue affecting both consumers and businesses worldwide. Consumers might mistake a fake with the original product and traders threaten to weaken their brands and the sale is lost in favour of the counterfeit gods. In the long run the expansion of counterfeiting gods might lead to less incentives for businesses to invest and develop trademarks. From the firs
Det relativt nya fenomenet reality-serier blir allt populärare och upptar en stor del av dagens tv-tablå. Fenomenet tillsammans med övrig massmedia har större inflytande och påverkan på samhället och oss människor än någonsin tidigare. Man diskuterar alkoholens roll i samhället, dess konsekvenser för relationer, hälsa o.s.v. Sedan TV kom har även alkoholens representation i TV kommit att bli en he
I de flesta av EU:s medlemsstater kan bolag inom samma koncern resultatutjämna mellan sig. Förutsatt att bolagen har hemvist i samma medlemsstat kan ett bolag som går med vinst utjämna denna mot ett annat koncernbolags förluster. På så vis blir koncernen beskattad för sitt nettoresultat och skattebelastningen blir varken högre eller lägre än om verksamheten hade bedrivits inom ett enda bolag istälMost EU Member States have tax systems allowing domestic groups of companies to offset their losses both horizontally and vertically within the group. Since the groups will be taxed on their net result, the overall tax burden is neither higher nor lower than if carried out within a single company. If, however, the group chooses to establish a company in another Member State, it looses the right t
Metan (CH4) är en av de viktigaste växthusgaserna i atmosfären och dess kraftiga ökning har bidragit till den uppvärmning som vi har upplevt fram till idag. Sedan mitten av 1980-talet påvisar mätningar att metantillväxten i atmosfären har börjat fluktuera från år till år. Orsakerna till detta är omstridda och ännu inte klargjorda. Under 2007 uppmättes en kraftig ökning i tillväxt som vaThe increasing atmospheric concentration of the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is highly relevant for current and future global warming. Since the mid-1980s atmospheric measurements have revealed large interannual fluctuations in methane growth rate. However, the causes of this feature are still not well understood. In 2007, a peak in growth rate appears to have been particularly strong a
The Swedish rape law was changed on July 1st, 2013, through the introduction of the concept ”particularly vulnerable situation” that replaced the former wording ”helpless state”. The reason behind this change was that the courts had applied the concept helpless state narrowly. The demands were too high for someone to be in a helpless state. These deficiencies occurred particularly when applying th
During 2013 OECD, in collaboration with G20, presented 15 actions against base erosion and profit shifting (“BEPS”) through international structures. Recommendation 6 and 7 in action 2 refers to hybrid mismatches and double deductions. In the light of BEPS, the European Union presented Council Directive (EU) 2016/1164 of 12 July 2016 laying down rules against tax avoidance practices that directly
On the first of July, 2021, it became a crime in Sweden to allow children to witness crimes between relatives. The crime is called ”barnfridsbrott” and exists in Chapter 4, Section 3 in the Swedish Criminal Code. The criminalization of allowing children to witness crimes between relatives was met with a positive response from most of the consultation bodies. Although it was welcomed with open arms
As a result of the increased gang violence in Sweden, a crown witness system was introduced on July 22, 2022, which has been widely criticized. However, the legislator considered such regulation to be predominantly necessary. By introducing a new paragraph, ch. 29 § 5 a in the Swedish Criminal Code, the legislation can be described as an attempt to escape the culture of silence and initiate an eff
On the 1st of July 2018, the Swedish rape law changed. To be classified as rape, it was no longer necessary that the sex was the result of violence, threat or abuse by the perpetrator. Instead, it was considered rape if a per-son performed a sexual act on someone who did not engage voluntarily. It is, however, important to note, that engaging voluntarily, does not mean the same as wanting to have
In July 2024, the Inquiry on Sanctions, Recidivism, and Enforcement submit-ted its report, SOU 2024:48, which includes a proposal to introduce a preventively oriented, indefinite deprivation of liberty as a sanction, referred to as a security sentence. The purpose of the proposal is to enable the indefinite detention of an offender in particularly serious situations, where the sanction cannot be d
Inom den sociala barnavården och familjehemsplaceringar av barn finns det tre grundtankar, kontinuitet, flexibilitet och närhet. Vid en familjehemsplace-ring med stöd av lagen med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga ska vår-den vara inriktad på att den unga ska återförenas med sina föräldrar, men det finns undantag. Flyttningsförbudet stadgas i 24 § LVU och ger möjligheten att införa ett förbudIn the field of child welfare there are three fundamental principles: continuity, flexibility and proximity. In the case of a family home placement according to The Care of Young Persons Act, the care must be aimed at reuniting the young person with their parents, but there are exceptions. Prohibition of relocation is regulated in section 24 of The Care of Young Persons Act and pro-vides the possi
Konformitetsprincipen är den grundläggande rättsprincipen i den straffrätts-liga ansvarsläran som ger besked om att den som inte hade förmåga eller tillfälle att kunna rätta sig efter lagen inte bör bli straffrättsligt ansvarig för ett brott. Detta eftersom ett straffansvar i den situationen hade varit orätt-färdigt och meningslöst. Den som inte kunde rå för sin brottsliga gärning ska således inteThe Conformity Principle is a fundamental legal principle within the Swedish system of criminal liability that states that those who did not have capacity or opportunity to act in accordance with the criminal law should not be punished for a crime. Numerous rules and several legal principles can be derived from The Conformity Principle. The rationale behind the Conformity Principle is that it woul
På senare år har det skett en bred förskjutning i synen på barn- och föräldrarätt. Ett starkare barnrättsperspektiv har etablerats inom svensk rätt och politik. Flera ändringar har gjorts i föräldrabalken. En av dessa ändringar återfinns i 6 kap. 19 § tredje stycket föräldrabalken. I proposition 2020/21:150 föreslog den dåvarande regeringen en lagstadgad tidsgräns på fyra månader när det kommer tiIn recent years, there has been a broad shift in the view of children’s and parental rights. A stronger children’s rights perspective has been established within Swedish law and politics. Several amendments have been made to the Children and Parents Code. One of these amendments can be found in Chapter 6, Section 19, third paragraph of the Children and Parents Code (sw. föräldrabalken (1949:381)).
On July 1st, 2018, a significant reform of Sweden’s rape legislation came into force through the introduction of a consent-based legal framework in Chapter 6, Section 1 of the Swedish Penal Code. This reform marked a paradigmatic shift from coercion-focused regulation toward an emphasis on individual sexual autonomy and voluntary participation. The purpose of this thesis is to clarify and critical
In neuroblastoma, the ALK receptor tyrosine kinase is activated by point mutations. We investigated the potential role of ALK mutations in neuroblastoma clonal evolution.
