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The main goal of this thesis is to find out, what is a complicated product and if complicated products can be more simplified in their properties, which are these properties and finally to incorporate these properties in the design of an object. The final design will be carried out in a full scale model to understand and test the implemented properties of simplification directly on the product in
Popular Abstract in Swedish Modelleringsarbetet utvecklat i denna avhandling, kan delas in i två huvudområden: självantändning i ottomotorer, samt förbränning och emissioner i dieselmotorer. En första version av ett motorsimuleringsprogram med detaljerad kemisk kinetik, utökad för att innefatta full-cykel beräkningar, användes för att visa den starka påverkan som kväveoxider i restgaser har på sjThe modeling work developed in this thesis can be divided in two main areas of investigations: autoignition related to spark ignition engine and combustion and emissions formation in relation to diesel engines. A first version of a detailed kinetics engine simulation program, extended to handle full cycle calculations, was employed in order to demonstrate the strong effect that nitric oxide from
Renewable energy will play an important role in the transition to a sustainable energy system. With an increased maturity of renewable energy technologies, issues concerning implementation are becoming more important. The decisions and actions of municipalities and other local actors have a significant influence on the implementation of renewable energy. In this thesis challenges to implementation
Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka och diskutera om the Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR) är en rättskälla i svensk rätt. Detta görs genom att redogöra för argument för och emot referensramen som svensk rättskälla. Denna fråga är viktig att utreda då det finns skilda meningar om detta bland den svenska juridiska doktrinen. Detta skapar ett osäkert rättsläge som kan ge upphov till osäkerhet infThis thesis deals with the question of whether or not the Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR) is a source of law in the Swedish legal system. This is done by outlining the arguments for and against the frame of reference as a Swedish law source. This issue is important to investigate because of the disagreement among the swedish judical experts whether it is or not. This legal uncertainty creat
Over the past ten years, significant industry, policy, and scientific attention has been given to the ‘circular economy’, which aims to create a more sustainable society by decoupling economic growth from resource consumption. Firms are expected to play a significant role in the shift to a circular economy model by implementing circular business models that encourage prolonged use of products, com
Industrialization and the emergence of a manufacturing sector are generally perceived as key drivers for countries to see economic growth and increases in living standards. Only 200 years ago, most countries were relatively poor and had similarly low living standards. With industrialization and the growth of manufacturing, primarily Western countries pulled ahead and noticed sustained increases in
It is widely recognised that society is consuming at levels and in ways that are unsustainable. Sustainable business models, broadly defined as those that consider economic, ecological and social value, hold promise for shifting consumption patterns. By facilitating activities such as rental and reuse, including second-hand, repair, refurbishment, and upcycling, they can help to provide more susta
Denna uppsats undersöker hur leverantörers användning av artificiell intelligens (AI) i offentlig upphandling påverkar upphandlande myndigheters möjlighet att efterleva principerna om likabehandling och transparens enligt lagen om offentlig upphandling (LOU). Genom en rättsdogmatisk metod med explorativa inslag analyseras gällande lagstiftning, praxis och vägledning för att identifiera de rättsligThis thesis examines how suppliers' use of artificial intelligence (AI) in public procurement affects contracting authorities' ability to comply with the principles of equal treatment and transparency under the Swedish Public Procurement Act (LOU). Through a legal dogmatic method with explorative elements, the study analyzes existing legislation, case law, and guidance to identify legal ch
Denna uppsats undersöker reformen om snabbare lagföring i det svenska rättssystemet och dess påverkan på rättssäkerheten för misstänkta. Reformen infördes i syfte att effektivisera rättsprocessen för enklare brott, såsom snatteri, ringa narkotikabrott och trafikförseelser, genom att minska handlägg- ningstiderna och förbättra myndighetssamverkan. Genom en rättsdogmatisk metod analyseras lagtext, p
Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka kravet på angelägna allmänna intressen i RF 2 kap. 15 § 1 st. och hur det förhåller sig till expropriationslagens och fastighetsbilningslagens bestämmelser om ingrepp i egendom. För att uppnå syftet används rättsdogmatisk metod. Kravet på angelägna allmänna intressen ska vara uppfyllt för det varje gång myndighetsbeslut eller lagstiftning genomför expropriatioThe purpose of this thesis is to examine the requirement for compelling public interests in chapter 2 paragraph 15 of the Swedish constitution and its relation to the provisions on property interference in the Expropriation Act as well as the Property Formation Act. To achieve the purpose, a legal dogmatic method is applied. The requirement for compelling public interests must be fulfilled wheneve
Det finns brister gällande tillgängligheten och delaktigheten för alla när det kommer till den allmänna kollektivtrafiken. Personer med funktionsnedsättning exkluderas på så sätt att de möts av barriärer och hinder som exempelvis stora avstånd mellan hållplatslägen, höjdskillnader och obekväm väntetid. Variationen av barriärer är stora och hur de vidare upplevs och skapar hinder. Trots utförda tiThere are flaws when it comes to accessibility and participation for all people when it comes to public transportation. People with disabilities are sometimes excluded when it comes to dealing with barriers and obstacles, for example large distances between stops, height differences and uncomfortable waiting periods. The variation of barriers, how they are perceived and how much of an obstacle the
This thesis examines the practices and challenges of a sole management of a cultural enterprise by studying the case of Cadence Gallery and its founder Elsa, a cultural entrepreneur who solely established and manages a non-profit art gallery in Sweden. The qualitative research is based on semi-structured interviews with the entrepreneur and other individuals involved in the gallery's operation
Denna uppsats undersöker den fortsatta utvecklingen av ett potentiellt FN-fördrag om företag och mänskliga rättigheter. I år är det ett decennium sedan rådet för mänskliga rättigheter antog resolution 26/9, vilken inrättade en arbetsgrupp för att utarbeta ett potentiellt rättsligt bindande instrument inom mänskliga rättigheter, med målet att reglera transnationella företag och andra affärsverksamhThis thesis examines the continuing development of a potential UN Treaty on Business and Human Rights. This year marks a decade since the Human Rights Council passed resolution 26/9, establishing a working group to elaborate a potential legally binding instrument in international human rights law, with the objective to regulate the activities of transnational corporations and other business enterp
Recent developments on the African continent have indicated the emergence of a comprehensive security framework that has been developed to address the many security issues currently threatening peace and stability. A central pillar in this new framework has been the prominent role played by Regional Economic Communities (RECs) that have increasingly adopted peace and security goals as part of thei
In a Swedish context there are different processes, actors and laws concerning protection against accidents and crises management. A crisis is defined as an imminent threat of disruption in critical societal functions or critical infrastructures. By this definition of crisis there is a connection between the built environment and crisis management. The protection against accidents legislation give
In the peak of the 2015 refugee crisis, Sweden stipulated a new law in order to give the system respite while recovering from the pressure that followed from the 162 877 asylum applications Sweden received that year. The Act (2016:752) on temporary limitations of the opportunity to be granted residence permit in Sweden entered to force on 19 July 2016 to apply for three years. The law constitution
The current fast paced technological innovation demands major attention from businesses across the globe. AI dominates discussions one day, and the next it is all about quantum computing. To remain competitive companies must constantly be on the watch for trend shifts and technological advancements. In order to stay ahead of the curve companies can utilize technology scouting to monitor the techno
This thesis argues that the escalating and protracted violence in Mexico, commonly known as the ‘war on drugs,’ constitutes a non-international armed conflict (NIAC) under international humanitarian law (IHL), calling for a formal application of this legal framework. Despite its devastating humanitarian consequences, the conflict is often mischaracterised within a law enforcement paradigm, contrib
This thesis investigates the emergence of mid-term rentals (MTRs) in Barcelona, situating them within broader political economy debates on housing financialization, assetization, and rent extraction. MTRs operate in a legal grey zone between long-term tenancy protections and short-term tourist rental laws, and have expanded rapidly in the context of digital nomadism and post-COVID mobility. While s
