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When the replacement of an existing building by a new one is financially restrictive or not possible for any reason, refurbishment can be the only option. The refurbishment of a non-residential building may require a specialized study, not only because of building location, use, importance and historic significance, but also because it provides the opportunity to take measures to reduce energy con
Objectives: To describe dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) values in the population participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study according to food groups, nutrients and lifestyle characteristics. Methods: Single 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDRs) from 33 566 subjects were used to calculate dietary GI and GL, and an ad hoc database was
Background/objectives: Adequate mineral intake is important for the maintenance of bone health, cellular function and general metabolism, and possibly in the aetiology of cancer and other chronic diseases. This study aimed at investigating variation in intakes of selected minerals across 10 European countries participating in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)
Breast cancer incidence has markedly increased in Western countries for reasons that are not entirely understood. We characterized periodic and age-specific incidence trends of breast cancer in immigrants who migrated from low incidence areas to Sweden. The incidence in immigrants was compared to that in native Swedes and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated, based on the Swedish F
Abstract: The food consumption of today’s world has led to an overconsumption of the earth resources. It is easy to forget that when we consume we do not only consume a product we are also consuming other peoples labour and landscapes in, many times, far off places. With daily news on environmental damages, people are becoming more aware. Consequently, people are getting more interested in the ori
In the last three decades insular areas are in continuous research because their unique characteristics indicate them as “ideal laboratories” for the application of different systems. Waste management systems in particular, are considered to be among the most intriguing of issues, because of insular specificities, such as remoteness, level of insularity (possibility of double or multiple insularit
Ända sedan de grekiska filosofernas tid har psykiskt sjuka människor inte ansetts vara ansvariga för sina handlingar. I Sverige fanns en tillräknelighetsreglering fram till dess att brottsbalken trädde i kraft år 1965. Tiden före brottsbalken präglades av många diskussioner huruvida tillräknelighetsbestämmelserna skulle finnas kvar eller inte och de utsattes för mycket kritik. Denna uppsats behand
This thesis examined the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on Athenian air quality from March 23rd to May 5th, 2020. The Attica Ground Measuring Network was used to measure the concentrations of NO, NO₂, SO₂, CO, PM₁₀, PM₂.₅, and O₃ for the 2020 lockdown and for the same time period from 2005 to 2019 as reference. Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) concentrations decreased by up to 75% an
Historically, the relationship between Marxism and Religion has been studied primarily as antagonistic. Previous research shows that Marxism, especially following Lenin’s contributions to the movement, has been seen as hostile, especially towards Christianity. This does not have to be the case strictly. Studying the Second International's (1889) most prominent thinker, Karl Kautsky (1854-1938)
The use of bicycles in a mid-sized city – benefits and obstacles identified using a questionnaire and GIS The need for alternative means of transport is highlighted by many studies. This need can be satisfied by prioritizing the use of bicycles over the use of mechanical vehicles in daily mobility needs in a city. Here we show an investigation of ways of improving this prioritization in a middle-
GALDIT is a Vulnerability Indexing (VI) methodology that uses ranges, ratings and weights developed as a preliminary decision support tool to predict groundwater areas prone to Sea Water Intrusion (SWI). It has been only applied on porous coastal aquifers to date, in Mediterranean coastal regions, where SWI has become a growing problem. The present study tests the applicability of GALDIT VI in the
Flood risk is influenced not only by climate change but also underlying factors including unplanned urbanization, environmental degradation, poverty, social inequalities and weak governance. Given its complexity, effective flood risk management requires a better understanding of its conceptual context and comprehensive assessments that beyond hazard consider exposure, vulnerability and capacity. T
Cosmogenic radionuclides, such as 10Be and 14C, share a common production signal, with their formation in the Earth's upper atmosphere modulated by changes to the geomagnetic field, as well as variations in the intensity of the solar wind. Here, we use this common production signal to compare between the radiocarbon (IntCal)and Greenland ice-core (GICC05)timescales, utilising the most pronounced c
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) gene pairs are ubiquitous in microbial chromosomal genomes and plasmids as well as temperate bacteriophages. They act as regulatory switches, with the toxin limiting the growth of bacteria and archaea by compromising diverse essential cellular targets and the antitoxin counteracting the toxic effect. To uncover previously uncharted TA diversity across microbes and bacteriophag
Over the last decade, knowledge has significantly increased on the taxonomic identity and distribution of dinoflagellates of the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. Additionally, a number of hitherto unknown bioactive metabolites have been described, while the role of these compounds in ciguatera poisoning (CP) remains to be clarified. Ciguatoxins and maitotoxins are very toxic compounds produced by
This corpus-based study examines how writers of tweets about organic food use hashtags to direct readers towards the preferred tweet interpretation while expressing their stance to organic food. Our aim is to identify the functions stance-conveying hashtags serve in these tweets. To this end, we draw on Du Bois’ (2007) approach to stance and Francis’ (1994) analysis of metalinguistic labels. We an
