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For mobile communication systems in the low-GHz range, CMOS has increasingly become the technology of choice, and the level of integration in mobile handsets has risen. The use of off-chip components, which increases the handset assembly time and costs, is preferably avoided. However, integrating a complete transceiver on a single chip leads to disturbances between building blocks. This imposes ne
Wave cycles, i.e. pairs of local maxima and minima, play an important role in many engineering fields. Many cycle definitions are used for specific purposes, such as crest-trough cycles in wave studies in ocean engineering and rainflow cycles for fatigue life prediction in mechanical engineering. The simplest cycle, that of a pair of local maximum and the following local minimum is also of interes
Popular Abstract in Swedish Var efterlystes brottslingar förr? I kyrkan! Var fick man reda på att äkta män övergivit sina hustrur? I kyrkan! Hur annonserades kommande auktioner? I kyrkan! Var tillkännagavs nya lagar och förordningar? Hur fick människor besked om var viktiga möten skulle äga rum? Hur visste man att landet var i krig och vad som hände under kriser av olika slag? Naturligtvis var detAs from 1686 it was decreed by law that all government regulations, orders, edicts and other information any government official wanted to make public, had to be read out to the people by the clergy from the pulpits of all churches in Sweden and Finland at the end of the sermon. The system of communication remained in full force until the end of the 19th century and was not finally abandoned until
Popular Abstract in Swedish Parkinsons sjukdom uppstår när celler som producerar signalsubstansen dopamin i hjärnan dör. Detta leder till att de drabbade patienterna blir stela, får långsamma rörelser, svårt att påbörja och avsluta rörelser och även skakningar i framförallt armar och händer. Idag finns inget sätt att bota sjukdomen. Dock finns det läkemedel som kan lindra symptomen. Den vanligasteThe main pathological feature in Parkinson's disease is the progressive loss of dopamine neurons in the midbrain, which in turn leads to the appearance of motor deficits such as akinesia/bradykinesia (loss/slowness of movements), rigidity, postural imbalance and tremor. To this day, there is no cure for the disease, but there are medications to relieve the symptoms. The gold standard medication is
The gene responsible for X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) has been recently identified to code for a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase (Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase, BTK), required for normal B cell development. BTK, like many other cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, contains Src homology domains (SH2 and SH3), and catalytic kinase domain. SH3 domains are important for the targeting of signal
For the period 1420-1960 we contrasted fire events reconstructed at 14 sites distributed over a 50 km x 50 km area in the central part of the Komi Republic (European Russia) with a set of tree-ring width chronologies of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), developed for the same area. Our aim was to infer common climatic information contained in treering variables and independently dated fire events
Actin- and myosin-like immunoreactivity is found in cells located in the theca externa of the follicle wall of the human ovary, and corresponding to previously observed myoid cells. The immunocytochemical observation provides direct structural evidence that non-vascular contractile cells are also present in the follicle wall in humans. As expected, perifollicular blood vessels showed a positive im
Background: The variation in retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) as measured by Stratus optical coherence tomography (OCT) in healthy subjects may be reduced when the effect on RNFLT measurements of factors other than disease is corrected for, and this may improve the diagnostic accuracy in glaucoma. With this perspective we evaluated the isolated and combined effects of factors potentiall
The sodium (Na+)/iodide (I-)-symporter (NIS) is abundantly expressed and accumulates iodide in thyroid follicular cells. The NIS is also found in extrathyroidal tissues, particularly gastric mucosa. Controversies exist on the localization of extrathyroidal NIS. We have studied the presence of both NIS peptide and NIS messenger RNA (mRNA) in the digestive tract and thyroid from different mammals. T
This study investigated behaviour of male European pine sawflies, Neodiprion sertifer Geoffr. (Hym., Diprionidae), that were released downwind from pheromone traps. Releases were done at three distances; either at 5 m from one trap, or at 50 m or 200 m from five traps, placed in a line perpendicular to the current wind direction. As a control, males were released identically but without any pherom
Gases leaking from a polyethene plant and a cracker plant were visualized with the gas-correlation imaging technique. Ethene escaping from flares due to incomplete or erratic combustion was monitored. A leakage at a high-pressure reactor tank could be found and visualized by scanning the camera system over the industrial site. The image processing methods rely on the information from three simulta
