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Bacterial abundance and production were studied in different zones in the Southern Ocean (39-62degreesS, 4-14degreesE) during a cruise in December-January 1997/1998. The role of potential growth limitation of bacteria due to limited availability of organic carbon (glucose) or inorganic N and P was studied in parallel. A positive correlation between surface water temperatures (-2 to 18 degreesC) an

Radiographs are important tools to evaluate structural changes in many Joint diseases. In the case of haemophilic arthropathy (HA), the Pettersson score is widely used. The rising of digital radiography enables evaluation of these changes in a more quantitative and detailed manner, potentially improving diagnosis and follow-up. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether digital image analysis i

Introduction: Early excision and skin grafting has become the standard of good burn management, but it is associated with major blood loss. Aim: To determine the haemostatic effect of terlipressin compared with placebo. Material and methods: Fifty-one patients with bums of 10-20% total body surface area had early excision and split skin grafting of deep burns. The surface area of the bum wound and

A hollow-fibre supported liquid membrane (HF-SLM) extraction method has been developed for determination of 11 heterocyclic aromatic amines (HCAs) in human urine samples by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with an ultraviolet (UV) absorbance detector. These compounds were extracted from an alkaline urine sample (donor phase) into the organic solvent residing in the pore

It was early proposed that somatostatin-producing delta-cells in pancreatic islets have local inhibitory effects on the release of insulin and glucagon. Recent observations that pulses of insulin and glucagon are antisynchronous make it important to examine the temporal characteristics of glucose-induced somatostatin release. Analysis of 30 s fractions from the perfused rat pancreas indicated that

Introduction Basal-phenotype or basal-like breast cancers are characterized by basal epithelium cytokeratin (CK5/14/17) expression, negative estrogen receptor ( ER) status and distinct gene expression signature. We studied the clinical and biological features of the basal-phenotype tumors determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and cDNA microarrays especially within the ER-negative subgroup. Meth

The present study reports on the development of a model for maintaining constant ethanol concentrations over time in cell culture media. When neuroblastoma x glioma cells (NG 108-15) were grown in ethanol containing media under standard cultivation conditions in the incubator at 37 degrees C, a 90% evaporation was observed after 24 hr. To counteract evaporation, the cell culture dishes were placed

This work describes a novel approach to detoxify lignocellulosic hydrolysates and facilitate the analysis of inhibitory compounds, namely supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The efficiency of the fermentation of lignocellulosic dilute-acid hydrolysates depends upon the composition of the hydrolysate and the organism used. Furthermore, it has been shown that inhibitors in the hydrolysate reduce t

Oxygen may modulate cerebrovascular resistance, but its direct influence on human pial arteries is unknown. We have investigated the effects of varying oxygen tension (73, 30 and 8 kPa) in depolarized (potassium) and receptor stimulated (prostaglandin F2 alpha) isolated human pial arteries. Control responses were obtained at an oxygen tension of 30 kPa. Contractions induced by prostaglandin F2 alp

Based on their position in relation to major ocean currents, palaeoclimatic archives in the Faroe Islands are expected to be sensitive recorders of variations in North Atlantic circulation. The multiproxy analysis ( magnetic susceptibility, total carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, biogenic silica, grains > 255 mu m) of a lacustrine record with both winter and summer climate indicators illustrates the v

BACKGROUND: The use of nitrous oxide (N2O) during hemodilution has been questioned. Nitrous oxide reduces the inspired oxygen fraction (F1O2), depresses myocardial function and may reduce cardiac output (CO) and systemic oxygen delivery (DO2SY). The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of the effects of nitrous oxide on systemic and myocardial circulation and oxygenation during extreme

The double helicity asymmetry in neutral pion production for p(T) = 1 to 12 GeV/c was measured with the PHENIX experiment to access the gluon-spin contribution, Delta G, to the proton spin. Measured asymmetries are consistent with zero, and at a theory scale of mu 2 = 4 GeV2 a next to leading order QCD analysis gives Delta G([0.02,0.3]) = 0.2, with a constraint of -0.7 < Delta G([0.02,0.3]) < 0.5

Background: The palatine tonsils have a pivotal role in immunological detection of airborne and ingested antigens like bacteria and viruses. They have recently been demonstrated to express Toll-like receptors ( TLRs), known to recognize molecular structures on such microbes and activate innate immune responses. Their activation might also provide a link between innate and adaptive immunity. In the

Background. D-galactosamine together with lipopolysaccharide can lead to a pronounced secretion by Kupffer cells of pro-inflammatory mediators, which have been shown to be early and important mediators of liver injury. Probiotics and dietary supplementation with fruit or vegetable extracts with high content of antioxidants, such as blueberry, could be beneficial in protecting against hepatotoxicit

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with chemical shift resolution is a recent extension of MRI and it provides information about species resolved molecular transport on the macroscopic scale in complex systems. In this contribution, we show that by using this novel method, one can predict the behavior of drug and food molecules when they are in contact with the mucosal layer in the gastrointestinal

The effect of plant species diversity on productivity and competitive ability was studied in an experiment carried out simultaneously in five European countries: Czech Republic (CZ), the Netherlands (NL), Sweden (SE), Spain (SP), and United Kingdom (UK). The aim was to separate the 'chance' or 'sampling effect' (increasing the number of sown species increases the probability that a species able 't

We investigated the effects of a single course of antenatal betamethasone on cognition- and anxiety-related behavior and synaptophysin and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunoreactivity in the adult rat hippocampus. On d 20 of gestation, pregnant rats were injected with either 1) 170 mu g/kg body weight of betamethasone ("clinically equivalent dose," equivalent to 12 mg twice, 24 h apart

Great tit breeding performance in small habitat islands in an agricultural landscape was compared to that in large deciduous woods. Clutch size was similar in both habitats, but more nestlings starved and fledgling weight was lower in the small habitat islands. The area of wooded habitat in the territories of tits breeding in the small habitat islands was less than what is common to encounter in '