Filetype
Knee osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent whole-joint disease that is associated with substantial morbidity. If step changes are to be made in the management of knee osteoarthritis, novel patient stratification approaches are needed to identify the most effective treatment for individual patients. Numerous methods for stratifying patients with knee osteoarthritis can be employed; clinical presenta
Anthropogenic land-use and climate change pose novel selection pressures on bees, yet their evolutionary responses in terms of morphological or physiological adaptations remain unclear. While adaptive responses are expected, these may be constrained by gene flow when changes in selection pressures are spatially heterogeneous. The buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) is a widespread species th
Importance: Emerging evidence suggests that cholesterol plays a role in breast cancer (BC) metabolism, raising the possibility that cholesterol-lowering medications, such as statins, may improve BC prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the association between postdiagnosis statin initiation and BC mortality using an emulated target trial approach. Design, Setting, and Participants: This observational
Biologics targeting interleukin-4 receptor subunit α (IL-4Rα) and interleukin-33 (IL-33) have demonstrated clinical efficacy in asthma, highlighting the importance of IL-4, IL-13, and IL-33 in respiratory diseases. Despite this, few studies have linked preclinical models to human diseases or evaluated disease biology in clinical trials. To address these gaps, we evaluated transcriptional, cellular
The cofactor-free arylmalonate decarboxylase (AMDase) is a valuable biocatalyst for synthesizing α-aryl and α-alkenyl alkanoic acids with excellent stereoselectivity. We engineered a new hydrophobic pocket in (S)-selective AMDase mutants, creating AMDase ICPLLG with enhanced activity. For the investigation of the mechanism, we synthesized isotope-labeled, pseudochiral 2-methyl-2-vinyl malonate via
Environmental gradients affect vegetation structure and ecosystem productivity. Along the northern Australia tropical transect (NATT), which transitions from tropical moist conditions in the north to arid conditions in the south, vegetation composition and structure are closely tied to rainfall patterns. We hypothesise that biotic competition and abiotic stress exhibit opposing patterns along the
Background Suicide is more common among males and in older age, but the understanding of sex-specific and age-specific risk indicators is limited. Objective To describe the sex-specific and age-specific prevalence of 25 suicide risk indicators in the year preceding suicide and estimate their associations with suicide. Methods Register-based population-nested case-control study in Sweden, 2009–2021
Biogenic ice-nucleating particles (INPs) can significantly impact mixed-phase clouds by enhancing precipitation and reducing albedo. As Arctic sea ice diminishes, the exposure of open ocean may increase aerosolization rates of marine bioaerosols and INPs. We investigated INP concentrations and microbial communities in ambient marine air, sea bulk water (SBW), and sea surface microlayer (SML) along
We present an approach to nanoscale-resolution high-sensitivity imaging of internal material structure under in situ/operando conditions for virtually any sample environment. When bulky or heavy sample environment is required state-of-the-art X-ray imaging techniques, such as scanning and full-field microscopy or holography fail to deliver high-resolution imaging capabilities due to either i) extr
Cubosomes─colloidal dispersions of lipid inverted bicontinuous cubic phases─are promising nanosystems for advanced drug delivery applications. Here, we report on a microfluidic hydrodynamic flow-focusing approach for solvent exchange that enables the preparation of cubosomes with tunable size. The approach involves a preliminary step where the lipid phytantriol, the main building block, is first d
whiH is one of several known loci specifically needed for the orderly multiple sporulation septation of aerial hyphae of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) and for the expression of at least some late sporulation genes. DNA complementing whiH mutants was located immediately upstream of hrdB, which encodes the principal σ factor of S. coelicolor. Sequencing revealed a gene whose disruption gave rise to
The essential cell-division gene ftsZ is transcribed in Escherichia coli from at least six promoters found within the coding regions of the upstream ddIB, ftsQ, and ftsA genes. The contribution of each one to the final yield of ftsZ transcription has been estimated using transcriptional lacZ fusions. The most proximal promoter, ftsZ2p, contributes less than 5% of the total transcription from the r
Context. AU Mic is a very active M dwarf star with an edge-on debris disk and two known transiting sub-Neptunes with a possible third planetary companion. The two transiting planets exhibit significant transit-timing variations (TTVs) that are caused by the gravi tational interaction between the bodies in the system. Aims. Using photometrical observations taken with the CHaracterizing ExOPlanet Sa
This article examines the obligation for public-sector deployers to conduct Fundamental Rights Impact Assessments (FRIAs) under Article 27 of the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act). The article argues that the FRIA obligation functions as a minimum harmonisation standard, granting Member State authorities discretion to go beyond the AI Act's baseline and conduct more rigorous fundamental righ
How can a live opera performance stimulate visitor involvement by displaying immersive features!? With the AI-based chamber opera The Prophecies, we took the opportunity to structure a visitor’s journey through a series of differentiated chambers inhabited by both human and machine agents. This model was primarily informed bydistinctions made about game immersion from cognitive science and game st
This thesis examines the relationship between varying levels of Christian religiosity and European identity in EU countries. The study explores the negative and positive relationships that exist between religion and identity on a supranational level. The hypothesis is derived from social identity theory (SIT) in relation to previous research, and the relationship was tested using data from the Int
The arthropod exoskeleton consists of a chitin–protein meshwork that is reinforced by incorporated minerals, such as in decapod crustaceans. Such naturally biomineralized cuticle forms the bulk of arthropod bodily remains in the rock record. However, the extent to which this organic–inorganic composite material is transformed during the fossilization process remains incompletely understood. We exa
Swedish parents today raise their children in a welfare state, where childcare is both accessible and affordable, and often within dual-income households. At the same time, they have witnessed a challenged welfare state affected by cutbacks, privatizations, and the demands of an increasingly flexible working life. Previous research has shown that Swedish grandparents are more involved in their aduSwedish parents today raise their children in a welfare state, where childcare is both accessible and affordable, and often within dual-income households. At the same time, they have witnessed a challenged welfare state affected by cutbacks, privatizations, and the demands of an increasingly flexible working life. Previous research has shown that Swedish grandparents are more involved in their adu
BACKGROUND: Prognostication of recovery in patients who are unconscious following cardiac arrest can be guided by concentrations of brain injury biomarkers in the blood. The optimal biomarker and cutoff concentrations for the prediction of outcome remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to evaluate which biomarker of brain injury is most accurate for predicting functional outcome after cardiac arr
