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Under senare år har betydande framsteg gjorts inom området för artificiell intelligens (AI) och i synnerhet inom ramen för maskininlärning (ML). Det här kapitlet tecknar några av de rättsliga och samhälleliga utmaningar som användandet av AI och ML medför, i termer av "normativ design", samhällelig bias i autonoma och algoritmiska system, svårigheter med ansvarsfördelning och behovet av att nyans
A new numerical model was developed to simulate regional sediment transport, shoreline response in the vicinity of tidal inlets, and inlet shoal volume growth based on the one-line model of shoreline change combined with the reservoir concept for volumetric evolution of inlet shoals. Sand bypassing onshore and sheltering effects on wave action from the inlet bar and shoals were taken into account.
The built environment accounts for 40% of the totalenergy consumption and CO2 emissions in Europe.Furthermore, the majority of environmental impacts ofproperties are generated during the operation phase of thebuilding. Increasing energy efficiency through energymanagement could offer an effective solution to managing theCO2 emissions of a building through its life cycle. Buildingautomation systems
The study estimates greenhouse gases generated bysuburban housing companies with the use of a hybrid LCAmodel where IO-LCA methodology is used together withprocess data. The aim of the research was to learn whichactivities associated with housing companies generate mostgreenhouse gases, as well as by whom the emissions could bediminished. In addition, the applicability of hybrid life cycleassessme
Background and Purpose-Hematoma volume is an important determinant of clinical outcome in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of hematoma volume with the aim of identifying novel biological pathways involved in the pathophysiology of primary brain injury in ICH. Methods-We conducted a 2-stage (discovery and replication) case-only genome-w
With the increasing focus on reducing emissions and making fuel efficient vehicles within the automotive industry over the past few years, new methods are constantly being investigated to improve the efficiency of the powertrain. One such method is recovering waste heat from the exhaust gases as well as the coolant using a thermodynamic cycle such as a Rankine cycle. However, most studies looking
The aim of this study was to explore the usefulness of research circle methodology in the later stages of the research process. In an active collaboration with the researchers, participants, that is, users of research, discussed and prioritized research on home and health dynamics. Reflections, comments, and evaluations from both leaders and users were analyzed, applying content analysis. The usef
Background: The voices of those who have grown up in a family with maternal intellectual or developmental disability (IDD) are valuable for gaining an understanding of their situation, which is essential in order to be able to support these families and avoid potentially detrimental situations. Aim: The study aim was to describe the experience of having grown up in a family where the mother has an
Optimization problems with rank constraints appear in many diverse fields such as control, machine learning, and image analysis. Since the rank constraint is nonconvex, these problems are often approximately solved via convex relaxations. Nuclear norm regularization is the prevailing convexifying technique for dealing with these types of problem. This paper introduces a family of low-rank inducing
The charge cooling effect of methanol was studied and compared to that of iso-octane. The reduction in compression work due to fuel evaporation and the gain in expansion work were evaluated by the means of in-cylinder pressure measurements in a HD CI engine. A single injection strategy was utilized to obtain a longer premixing period to adequately capture the cooling effect. The effect was clear f
Over twenty years since the formal end of apartheid, South Africa's (largely black) government faces opposition from (largely white) communities over mineral resources that lie beneath the land. A powerful group of environmentalists, lawyers, and landowners have successfully prevented hydraulic fracturing, or ‘fracking’, of the trillions of cubic feet of natural gas believed to lie beneath the vas
Background: The occurrence of begging by poor people from other countries in the European Union (EU) is now common in Scandinavia. They have a challenging life, but there is little knowledge about their own perceptions of their stay abroad. Aim: To explore the experiences of EU citizens begging in Sweden. Material: A descriptive design was used. Data were gathered through individual interviews con
European and US emission legislation on diesel compression ignition engines has pushed for the development of new types of combustion concepts to reduce hazardous pollutants and increase fuel e ciency. Partially premixed combustion (PPC) has been proposed as one solution to future restrictions on emissions while providing high gross indicated e ciency. The conceptual idea is that the time for the
Background: To further understand the role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 1 (PAC1) receptors in headache disorders, we mapped their expression in tissues of the trigemino-autonomic system by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Methods: To optimize screening for monoclonal antibodies suitable for immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, w
Background: There is a growing need to support the health and wellbeing of older persons aging in the context of migration. Objectives: We evaluated whether a group-based health promotion program with person-centred approach, maintained or improved life satisfaction and engagement in activities of older immigrants in Sweden. Methods: A randomised controlled trial with post-intervention follow-ups
Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM) of whole organs, in particular the brain, offers a plethora of biological data imaged in 3D. This technique is however often hindered by cumbersome non-automated analysis methods. Here we describe an approach to fully automate the analysis by integrating with data from the Allen Institute of Brain Science (AIBS), to provide precise assessment of the distr
As the formal work of the IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater treatment Plants (WWTPs) has come to an end, it is essential to continue to disseminate the intense research in this field that is still carried out. In 2013 and 2014, all authors of the IWA Scientific and Technical Report on benchmarking came together to provide their insights, highlighting areas where k
Continuously operated settling tanks are used for the gravity separation of solid-liquid suspensions in several industries. Mathematical models of these units form a topic for well-posedness and numerical analysis even in one space dimension due to the spatially discontinuous coefficients of the under- lying strongly degenerate parabolic, nonlinear model partial differential equation (PDE). Such a
