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IntroductionMidwifery knowledge, education and training in practice are challenged in contemporary maternity care by the growing trend towards interventions during childbirth, a dominant risk perspective and medicalised care. There is an ongoing debate about the definition of normal birth, however, midwives continue to advocate for normal birth.ObjectiveTo explore midwives’ views and definitions o
Social mobility can theoretically have an independent impact on fertility. The problem is empirically assessing it, as mobility is a function of both social origin and destination. This paper presents the Diagonal Reference Model (DRM) as a valuable historical method to study social mobility consequences. We use Swedish individual-level longitudinal data with intergenerational links covering 1905
This paper analyzes the career paths of international students in Sweden after graduation. By matching individual data on international graduates with information about their employers, we analyse the sectors in which they began their careers in Sweden after graduation between 2003 and 2014. We propose that international graduates find better job opportunities in firms operating in sectors that re
The present study evaluates two different screening tools–the Ability to Quickly See Quantities (AQSQ) test and the Number Sense Test (NST) targeting subitising and part-whole relationships, respectively–to examine their potential to indicate early numeracy challenges. Seventy-four kindergarten students participated, and their performances on the two tests were analyzed using correlational analyse
Contemporary Western countries show a strong socioeconomic gradient in health and mortality, but it remains unclear if such a gradient existed in historical societies as well. We use linked full-count censuses and death registers for Sweden, covering the cohorts 1841-1920, to study the development of the socioeconomic differences in longevity across these cohorts. Initially men in white-collar occ
This meta-analysis and systematic review examined the effects of psychedelic substances on death anxiety, specifically evaluating whether psychedelic experiences are associated with statistically significant reductions in death anxiety. A systematic search identified 8 studies suitable for meta-analysis and 10 additional studies for systematic review. Using a random-effects model, the meta-analysi
Importance Long-term follow-up studies regarding the safety of risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) in terms of cancer risk and surgical complications among women with germline pathogenic variants (gPVs) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) are scarce. Objective To analyze cancer risk and surgical complications after RRM. Design, Setting, and Participants This nationwide cohort study investigated 1208 Swedish wo
The paper embarks on an exploration of how technological advancements are poised to reshape the landscape of future consumption and marketing practices and extend our understanding of whether this trajectory is potentially leading toward a future digital utopia or a dystopia. Drawing upon the theoretical understanding from Marshall McLuhan, this research investigates the metaverse as a novel techn
Background: Evidence on the association between systemic glucocorticoid use and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is limited. This study aimed to determine whether systemic glucocorticoid use is associated with an increased risk of overall CRC (diagnosed at any age) and early-onset CRC (EOCRC; diagnosed before 50 years of age). Methods: A nationwide cohort study (follow-up: 2005–2018) was conducted usi
Introduction A World Health Organization (WHO) system has recently been introduced to standardize reporting of lymph node fine-needle aspiration biopsy (LN-FNAB) cytopathology. Herein, we analyze its diagnostic performance in a routine setting.Materials and methodsWe reviewed 2274 consecutive lymph node fine-needle aspiration biopsies categorized according to the WHO system. Corresponding histolog
Hydrological Insights: Synergizing Groundwater Models, Remote Sensing, and AI for Water Sustainability offers an in-depth exploration of hydrological modeling and its cutting-edge advancements, presented across six comprehensive sections. Part I establishes the foundational principles and methodologies of hydrological modeling, while Part II delves into sophisticated techniques and tools that enha
Partly overlapping feathers form a large part of birds’ wing surfaces, but in many species the outermost feathers split, making each feather function as an independent wing. These feathers are complex structures that evolved to fulfil both aerodynamic and structural functions. Yet relatively little is known about how the profile shape and microstructures of feathers impact aerodynamic performance.
The Gaussian β-ensemble is a real n-point configuration {xj}n1 picked randomly with respect to the Boltzmann factor e− β 2 Hn, where Hn = ∑i≠j log |xi−1xj| + n ∑ni=112 xi2. It is well known that the point process {xj }n1 tends to follow the semicircle law σ (x) = 21π√(4 − x2 )+ in certain average senses. A Fekete configuration (minimizer of Hn) is spread out in a much more uniform way in the inter
The article examines Europeanisation processes at the Spanish University of Valladolid (UVa) in the years around Spain’s adhesion to the European Communities in 1986. This event has often been seen as key to the Spanish transition to democracy, which had begun after the death of Francisco Franco in 1975. Drawing on a variety of source materials, the article shows that Europeanisation at the UVa in
Background: Natural selection can be a potent contributor to speciation, but how exactly this occurs remains unclear. Studying behavioral isolation and the divergence of mating behaviors among multiple isolated populations can help uncover the importance of divergent adaptation in the evolution of reproductive isolation. Here, we utilize common-garden reared virgin Bahamas mosquitofish (Gambusia h
Declines of insect pollinator diversity in farmlands have neither been halted nor reversed despite large efforts to change the negative trend. One driver of this is agricultural intensification, which has resulted in landscape simplification by loss of non-crop habitats, and increased use of inorganic fertilizers and synthetic pesticides. Consequently, the presence of grazing animals in agricultur
This chapter critically examines the structural forces shaping the emergence and spread of Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs), with a particular focus on avian influenza and the poultry supply chain. Moving beyond conventional epicenter thinking, which attributes disease emergence to specific geographic locations, we argue that EIDs should be understood within broader ecological, economic, social
Natural resource extraction often takes place in locations where communities are not financially well-off and where historically marginalized groups reside. This paper contributes to the policy debate by revealing how corporate social licence tactics enable a model of corporate-community manipulation which is similar across different geographical contexts. Original data gathered between 2016 and 2
The subfamily Stiriinae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) is a group of ∼160 described moth species, ∼91% of which occur in the Nearctic, with species diversity centered in the deserts, grasslands, and adjacent foothills of the mountain ranges of Mexico. We infer the first species-level phylogeny for the subfamily using 8 protein-coding genes. While some lineages are primarily leaf or flower feeders, the m
