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The Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24th 2022 changed European security policy immensely. One of the biggest policy reversals occurred in Sweden where the Social democrats abandoned their previously vehemently held opposition to a Swedish membership in NATO. The aim of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of how language is used by political leaders in order to facilitate changes i
År 2015 inledde Ryssland sin militära intervention i Syrien. Följande uppsats är en teorikonsumerande fallstudie, där syftet är att förstå den ryska interventionen med hjälp av två etablerade teorin inom internationell politik – neorealism och konstruktivism. Enligt den defensiva realismen tyder analysen på att Rysslands intervention i Syrien år 2015, kan förstås som ett försök att skydda deras in
This thesis aims to deepen the understanding surrounding the connection between climate change and conflict through a qualitative analysis of Kenya – with a main focus on pastoralist communities. Theoretically, it aims to – on an individual level – explain why scarcity and abundance theory is not enough to understand how and in what capacity climate change leads to conflict, and what affects on an
Abstract Leder mer välutbildade ledare till att korruptionen i ett land minskar? Beroende på vad analysen visar, varför eller varför inte? Detta är frågeställningen som ämnas besvaras i denna uppsats, och för att göra det används ett antal statistiska analyser över data på 239 ledare från 30 länder mellan åren 1950-2004. I analysen finner vi ett svagt negativt samband mellan ledares utbildningsniv
En antidemokratisk våg som utmanar de värden som ligger till grund för livet vi lever drar idag fram över världen. Ett centralt av dessa värden är jämställdhet. I relation till tillbakagången av demokratin har teorier behövts omvärderas. Vår uppsats studerar kopplingen mellan demokratisk tillbakagång och jämställdhet med moderniseringsteori som grund. Denna inriktning skiljer sig från tidigare for
This paper explores the potential impact of the proposed EU chat control policy on the emergence of a surveillance society. By examining the theoretical frameworks of Michel Foucault's panopticon theory, David Lyon's theory of the surveillance society, and Shoshana Zuboff's concept of surveillance capitalism, insights are gained that can help answer the research question: "Does th
This master’s thesis examines the escalation of the Sino-Indian border conflict in the summer of 2020. Using a modified version of Graham Allison’s multi-lens model, variants of realism, institutionalism and constructivism are applied to the case in order to find explanatory factors. The different theoretical schools also serve to clearly delineate what assumptions the identified aspects are based
Inom EU gäller en regional konsumtionsprincip. Denna innebär att varor som satts på marknaden i någon medlemsstat av varumärkeshavaren, eller någon med dennes samtycke, fritt får distribueras inom unionen, även av andra än den som äger rätten till varumärket. Detta möjliggör parallellimport. Parallellimport innebär att någon utan varumärkeshavarens samtycke köper varor i en medlemsstat i syfte attWithin the EU, a regional exhaustion principle applies. This means that goods placed on the market by the trademark owner, or by someone with the consent of the trademark owner, can be freely distributed by anyone within the Union. This allows for parallel importation. Parallel importation refers to a phenomenon where an undertaking buys goods in one Member State, without the consent of the tradem
In this essay I discuss contract formation and contract interpretation with regards to smart contracts. Smart contracts are computer programs inserted on a blockchain, with the purpose of facilitating an exchange of digital goods between the parties. Blockchain technology is used to store smart contracts in order to imbue the smart contract with several useful qualities for contracting in a trustl
I svensk rätt är tvångsinlösen av minoritetsaktier ett lagförankrat koncept. Det medför att en majoritetsägare i ett aktiebolag under vissa förutsättningar kan lösa in minoritetsägarnas aktier mot deras vilja. Är rekvisiten för tvångsinlösen uppfyllda förutsätter tvångsinlösen inte en överenskommelse mellan aktieägarna utan kan genomföras av majoritetsägaren ensam. En av de stora diskussionspunktA majority shareholder’s right to enforce an acquisition of the minority shares in a share company (Sw: “aktiebolag”) is protected by Swedish law. The protected right to do so entails that a majority shareholder, provided that certain prerequisites are met, is entitled to acquire the minority shares regardless of the minority shareholders’ willingness to sell. Thus, if the prerequisites of the pro
The purpose of this paper is to study the changes in the conditions for Swedish foreign policy. After having pursued a policy of neutrality and non-alignment for 200 years, these changed conditions led Sweden’s decision to apply for a membership in the military alliance NATO, thereby fundamentally changing its foreign policy role. The investigated time periods are 2020 and 2022/2023, during which
Gängkriminaliteten har under det senaste decenniet ökat i Sverige och hårdare tag har efterfrågats. Tidöavtalet anger att det är av högsta vikt att bekämpa gängkriminaliteten i Sverige och i början på 2023 lämnade regeringen in en proposition till riksdagen som bland annat föreslog straffskärpningar för vissa straffskalor för brottstyper som är vanliga inom kriminella nätverk. Enligt propositionenThe past decade has witnessed a rise in gang-related violence and crime in Sweden, which has caused a debate prompting calls for more stringent measures. In early 2023, the government submitted a proposition to the parliament which included proposals for stricter penalties för certain crime categories commonly associated with criminal networks. According to the proposition, increased penalty scale
Understanding foreign policy changes has been an important part of academic research for decades. During the Cold War, when national security was at its most uncertain, we saw a focus on recognizing the patterns that could lead to changes in how a state approaches their foreign policy. In 2018 Imran Khan was elected prime minister in Pakistan along with his party Pakistan Tehreek-E-Insaf. Along ca
This thesis examines the intersection of economic democracy and environmental sustainability in the agricultural sector, using the Danish agricultural co-operative Andelsgaarde as a case study. Employing the theoretical framework of economic democracy, as described by Dahl (1985), Archer (1995), and Malleson (2012), the study analyses Andelsgaarde's approach towards realising its environmental
Plastic recycling is a very relevant topic from both environmental and economic viewpoints. Chemical plastic recycling is a logical solution to the plastic problems, which shows the potential to reduce plastic waste and carbon emissions from burning the plastics. One strategy of chemically recycling plastic is to incorporate sensitive bonds into polymer chains, which can be selectively degraded u
Sedan den 24 februari 2022 har Europeiska unionen stått inför ett konventionellt krig på sin tröskel och en ökad geopolitisk spänning från öst. Detta har krävt av Rådet att agera snabbt och kraftfullt inom ramen för sin kompetens för den gemensamma utrikes- och säkerhetspolitiken. För att motverka Rysslands aggression har rådet utfärdat omfattande sanktionspaket som aldrig tidigare har använts i sSince 24 February 2022, the European Union has faced a conventional war on its doorstep and an increase in geopolitical tension with the East. This has required the Council to act quickly and forcefully within its competence in the area of Common Foreign and Security Policy. To counteract the adverse geopolitical actions the Council has issued sanctions packages which have never been utilized befo
Depression has recently been highlighted across OECD countries as a public health crisis in need of immediate action. Unfortunately, the most popularized public policy solutions focus on individual biomedical or psychosocial interventions. This thesis draws from a theory on economic determinants of mental health to explore if within-country increases in social protection policy expenditure levels
Discussions about changing the focus of assessing development progress from economic output to human well-being have sparked a rise in interest in the social sciences' research on subjective well- being in recent years. Such a transition necessitates investigating subjective well-being, its determinants, and how they interact with one another. Previous studies show ambiguity in describing the
