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Improvisation och avsikt. Jazzmusikers syn på improvisatorisk kognition

Improvisation and Intention. Jazz musicians' views on improvisational cognitionIn previous research on jazz improvisation, questions about the role of intention seem to be subject to widely differing views. What role do intentions play in jazz improvisation? If the improviser has a conscious intention to play what is being played, is this simultaneous with the per­formance of it, or are intention

Membrane processes for fruit juice processing: State-of-the-art and outlook

Fruit juices are widely consumed due to their affordability, nutritional value, and convenience. As global health consciousness rises, the fruit juice market is projected to grow from $153.17 billion in 2024 to $209.51 billion by 2029. Membrane processes, first introduced in the 1970s, have become essential in juice production, offering precise separation at low temperatures. The fruit juice indus

Cationic and Nonionic Surfactant Micelles in a Halogen-Free Carboxylic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent

In recent years, it has been shown that deep eutectic solvents (DES) and similar mixtures solvate and allow for self-assembly of surfactants, serving as potential “green” alternatives as solvents for, for example, templating nanomaterials or drug delivery applications. Which surfactants are soluble and how they self-assemble depends strongly on the mixture components and their molar ratio. Her

Oxidative Depolymerization of Hardwood Lignin to High-Value Aromatics : Optimization by Response Surface Methodology and DFT Study of the Monomers

Beech-wood lignin, derived from the wood of beech trees (genus Fagus), is a lignin-rich biomass with significant potential for valorization. Beech forests are prevalent in temperate regions worldwide, and beech wood possesses desirable properties for various applications, including the construction industry, furniture-making, and pulp production. The oxidative depolymerization of hardwood lignin i

AI Act high-risk AI compliance challenge and industry impact : a multiple case study

The AI Act marks a new chapter in AI governance, affecting companies around the world seeking to offer their services within the European Union. This study focuses on the comprehensive AI Act requirements set out for high-risk AI systems. We explored the perceived compliance challenge for the AI Act's high-risk requirements and associated contributing factors; the AI Act's impact on industry in te

Predictors of nurses' work-related mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic : a paired follow-up study

Nurses are essential pillars of society, providing care for the sick. It is crucial for society to ensure that nurses have favorable working conditions, as they face a heightened risk of negative psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety, stress, and emotional exhaustion due to the demanding nature of their work. The strain on healthcare staff, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic,

From COPD epidemiology to studies of pathophysiological disease mechanisms : challenges with regard to study design and recruitment process: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Effects in COPD (KOLIN)

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a largely underdiagnosed disease including several phenotypes. In this report, the design of a study intending to evaluate the pathophysiological mechanism in COPD in relation to the specific phenotypes non-rapid and rapid decline in lung function is described together with the recruitment process of the study population derived from a po

Serum metalloproteinase-9 is related to COPD severity and symptoms - cross-sectional data from a population based cohort-study

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, is an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and an imbalance between proteases and antiproteases has been implicated to play a role in COPD pathogenesis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are important proteases that along with their inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP), affect homeostasis of elastin and

Proteolytic biomarkers are related to prognosis in COPD- report from a population-based cohort

Background: The imbalance between proteases and anti-proteases is considered to contribute to the development of COPD. Our aim was to evaluate the protease MMP-9, the antiprotease TIMP-1 and the MMP-9/TIMP-1-ratio as biomarkers in relation to prognosis. Prognosis was assessed as lung function decline and mortality. This was done among subjects with COPD in a population-based cohort. Methods: In 20

Cytotoxic lymphocytes in COPD airways : Increased NK cells associated with disease, iNKT and NKT-like cells with current smoking

Background: Cytotoxic lymphocytes are increased in the airways of COPD patients. Whether this increase is driven primarily by the disease or by smoking is not clear, nor whether it correlates with the rate of decline in lung function. Methods: Bronchoscopy with BAL was performed in 52 subjects recruited from the longitudinal OLIN COPD study according to pre-determined criteria; 12 with COPD and a

Airway regulatory T cells are decreased in COPD with a rapid decline in lung function

Background: Differences in the expression of regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been suggested to explain why some smokers develop COPD and some do not. Upregulation of Tregs in response to smoking would restrain airway inflammation and thus the development of COPD; while the absense of such upregulation would over time lead to chronic inflammation and COPD. We hypothesized that—among COPD patients—t

Airway MMP-12 and DNA methylation in COPD : an integrative approach

Background: In COPD, the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their natural inhibitors [tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)] is shifted towards excessive degradation, reflected in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) as increased MMP concentrations. Because of their critical role in lung homeostasis, MMP activity is tightly regulated, but to what extent this regulation occurs t

Design and Synthesis of C7-N-acetylneuraminic Acid Analogues as Potential Bacterial Sialic Acid Transport Inhibitors

Sialic acids or glyconic structures containing a sialic acid fragment are among the most abundant host surface molecules, typically found to be terminating branches of N-glycans, O-glycans, and glycosphingolipids (gangliosides). They play a crucial role in bacterial pathogenesis, due to the ability of bacteria to engage in molecular mimicry - the decoration of their surface with sialic acids - to

Effect of channel positions on the performance of bulk-wave-acoustophoresis devices

Effekten av kanalpositioner på prestationsförmågan hos mikrochip byggda för akustofores I detta arbete undersöks hur olika geometriska konfigurationer påverkar effekten av akustofores i mikrochip, med fokus på mikrokanalernas positioner i chippen. Baserat på simuleringar undersöktes primärt två sorters konfigurationer, en "Asymmetrisk kanal" och en "Tvillingkanal". ExperimenteMicroscale acoustofluidics utilizes ultrasound to manipulate microparticles flowing through a microchannel. Using this technique, particles or cells can be e.g. separated, aligned, washed or trapped. It is however an emerging technology that should be further developed in order to maximally capitalize on its potential. One possible improvement is to increase the particle migration velocity by incr

Photophysics and photochemistry of a d5 Ruthenium complex

Transition metal complexes (TMCs) with charge transfer states play a crucial role in photophysical and photochemical processes, particularly in energy conversion applications. This thesis investigates the photophysics and photochemistry of the d⁵ ruthenium complex ([Ru(III)(phtmeimb)2]+), focusing on its excited-state dynamics and charge transfer properties. The photophysical study involves steady

Self-Assembly of Quantum-Confined CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals into Rhombic, Frame, and Rectangular Superlattices

Superlattices of quantum-confined perovskite nanocrystals (5–6 nm) present an interesting example of colloidal crystals because of the interplay between nanoscopic parameters (nanocrystal sizes, shapes, and colloidal softness) and the microscopic shapes of their assemblies. These superlattices are reported as rectangular or rhombic, with little discussion of the outcomes of self-assembly experimen

Evaluation of natural wetlands in Kigali - A field study on the effects on water quality

Sedan 1700-talet har 87 procent av världens våtmarker försvunnit, med en acceleration under de senaste 50 åren där mer än en tredjedel av världens våtmarker försvunnit på grund av exploatering. Våtmarker bidrar med många viktiga funktioner, såsom klimateglering genom att minska översvämningar och torka samt genom att agera som naturliga reningsverk. I takt med klimatförändringarna har våtmarkers fWetlands play a vital role globally in protecting biodiversity, purifying water, and mitigating floods. In Kigali, Rwanda’s capital, five natural wetlands are located in the city center. This master’s thesis aimed to evaluate the water quality of these wetlands and identify key pollution sources. The aim was also to analyse changes in water quality over time with respect to changes in demographics

Var finns vikingahamnen i Löddeköpinge?: en jämförande studie med andra vikingatida handelsplatser: Birka, Hedeby och Ribe

In order to get an answer to the question of where a Viking-era harbor could possibly be placed in Löddeköpinge, indicators such as Lödde kar, Lödde å, the seasonal market place at Vikhögsvägen in Löddeköpinge, the permanent settlement in Löddeköpinge, the church village in Löddeköpinge, the burial field and the church in Löddeköpinge and Borgeby's trelleborg need to be studied in relation to