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This introductory essay explains the motivation behind this collection and provides summaries of the individual contributions to this volume. Bernard Williams is often regarded as a merely negative or critical philosopher, with no distinctive philosophical approach of his own. This perspective ignores Williams’s efforts to make positive contributions to several areas in ethics and metaethics, incl

This chapter provides an overview of the different optical sectioning methods that enable performing three dimensional (3D) imaging of possibly complex samples. It discusses their benefits and limitations regarding their penetration depth, their imaging speed, their photo-toxic effect or their complexity. Focusing on fluorescence imaging, the chapter dives into approaches that make it possible to

Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of hypusination, a unique post-translational modification of eukaryotic translation factor 5 A (eIF5A). While DHS activity plays a critical role in both normal cellular processes and disease development, the lack of specific molecular tools has hindered detailed studies of this enzyme and the hypusination pathway in general. Existing in

Rewetting is widely promoted as a climate mitigation strategy to preserve soil carbon in drained wetlands, although rewetting may enhance methane production and corresponding emissions. The increase in methane emissions following rewetting might be underestimated without considering near-surface methane oxidation under a fluctuating water table. Here, we refined the methane module in Lund-Potsdam-

Articles pose a particular challenge to second-language learners whose first language does not have them. Variability in article production in these learners is often explained in terms of first-language influence, but there are also suggestions that frequency-biased regularities in the target language itself might play a role. While most second-language research on articles has focused on English

Barns rätt till lek, vila och fritid är en utvärdering av Malmö stadsESF projekt med samma namn, genomförd ur ett barnrättsochsalutogent perspektiv. Genom intervjuer, fokusgrupper,observationer och dokumentanalys undersöker rapportenhur projektet har bidragit till social gemenskap, tillgång tillmeningsfulla fritidsaktiviteter och förbättrat välmående för barn isocioekonomiskt utsatta områden.Studi

BackgroundSurgical services were poorly prepared for the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to widescale disruption to elective activity. This study aimed to identify actionable priorities to strengthen pandemic preparedness of surgical and hospital systems.MethodsThis study pooled data from three international, prospective cohort studies including patients who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result in the

Background and purpose: Accurate grading and genotyping of gliomas are critical for tailoring personalized therapeutic strategies and predicting patient outcomes. This study investigates the potential of 5T glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) imaging in differentiating glioma grades and predicting pivotal molecular biomarker status. Methods: We first validated the specificity

IntroductionWhile smoking has been consistently identified as a significant contributor to postoperative complications, the existing literature on its association with postoperative pulmonary complications remains conflicting.AimWe examined the association of preoperative smoking with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs).MethodsPost hoc analysis of an observational study

Age estimation based on the dentition of animal remains is one of the most important methods used for analysis of the demography of past as well as contemporary animal populations by zooarchaeologists and wild game biologists (Wagenknecht 1967; Silver 1969; Morris 1972; Wilson et al. 1982). By constructing age profiles from faunal remains it is possible to study hunting of wild boar and pig husban

Vad innebär det för ett barn att växa upp som anhörig i en familj med minoritetsbakgrund? Genom en systemisk utvecklingspsykologisk och rättighetsbaserad analys belyses här både indirekta och direkta konsekvenser av socioekonomiska och strukturella ojämlikheter som hotar dessa barns förutsättningar till välbefinnande och en sund utveckling. Kapitlet lyfter fram hur barns identitet, psykiska hälsa

Kapitlet fokuserar på barn i familjer som sökt asyl i Sverige. Med en utvecklingspsykologisk utgångspunkt adresseras barnens situation och konsekvenserna för deras utveckling och välbefinnande av ett otillräckligt skydd och stöd. Med ett rättighetsbaserat perspektiv diskuteras barnens folkrättsliga skydd samt hur detta upprätthålls i Sverige. Vi avslutar med en reflektion kring prioriteringar fram

BACKGROUND: Patients receiving intraoperative ventilation during general anesthesia often have low end-tidal CO2 (etCO2). We examined the association of intraoperative etCO2 levels with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in a conveniently-sized international, prospective study named 'Local ASsessment of Ventilatory management during General Anesthesia for Surgery' (LAS

IMPORTANCE: Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) is increasingly used for abdominal procedures; however, postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are more frequent in patients undergoing RAS compared with patients undergoing conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS).OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of PPCs after CLS and RAS and to determine which patient-, surgery-, and anesthesia-related factors are

Background: Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.Methods: This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperativ

The demographic development suggests a dramatic growth in the number of elderly patients undergoing surgery in Europe. Most red blood cell transfusions (RBCT) are administered to older people, but little is known about perioperative transfusion practices in this population. In this secondary analysis of the prospective observational multicentre European Transfusion Practice and Outcome Study (ETPO

BackgroundIt is uncertain whether the association of the intraoperative driving pressure (ΔP) with postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) depends on the surgical approach during abdominal surgery. Our primary objective was to determine and compare the association of time–weighted average ΔP (ΔPTW) with PPCs. We also tested the association of ΔPTW with intraoperative adverse events.MethodsPos