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Assembly of the functional complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain requires sophisticated and efficient regulatory mechanisms. In plants, the subunit composition and assembly factors involved in the biogenesis of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) are substantially less defined than in mammals and yeast. In this study, we cloned maize (Zea mays) Small kernel 11 (Smk11) via map-based clonin

Immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer treatment, but success is limited to a fraction of patients. Tumor immunosurveillance and immunotherapy relies on presentation of tumor-associated antigens by conventional dendritic cells type 1 (cDC1). However, tumors develop mechanisms to avoid immune recognition such as downregulation of antigen presentation and exclusion of cDC1. We have previously demon

People have a well-described advantage in identifying individuals and emotions in their own culture, a phenomenon also known as the other-race and language-familiarity effect. However, it is unclear whether native-language advantages arise from genuinely enhanced capacities to extract relevant cues in familiar speech or, more simply, from cultural differences in emotional expressions. Here, to rul

The objective of this study was to compare the use of hydroxocobalamin (B12a) and a succinate prodrug to evaluate for improvement in mitochondrial function in an in vitro model of cyanide poisoning. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) incubated with 50 mM of sodium cyanide (CN) for five minutes serving as the CN group compared to controls. We inve

Neutralizing anti-factor VIII (FVIII) antibodies, known as FVIII inhibitors, represent a major drawback of replacement therapy in persons with congenital hemophilia A (PwHA), rendering further infusions of FVIII ineffective. FVIII inhibitors can also appear in non-hemophilic individuals causing acquired hemophilia A (AHA). The use of non-FVIII bypassing agents in cases of bleeds or surgery in inhi

Owing to their very large piezoelectric coefficients and spontaneous polarizations, (Sc,Y) x Al1−xN alloys have emerged as a new class of III-nitride semiconductor materials with great potential for high-frequency electronic and acoustic devices. The thermal conductivity of constituent materials is a key parameter for design, optimization, and thermal management of such devices. In this study, tra

Normal birth is a eustress reaction, a beneficial hedonic stress with extremely high catecholamines that protects us from intrauterine hypoxia and assists in the rapid shift to extrauterine life. Occasionally the cellular O2 requirement becomes critical and an O2 deficit in blood (hypoxemia) may evolve to a tissue deficit (hypoxia) and finally a risk of organ damage (asphyxia). An increase in H+ c

Cell fate reprogramming of adult cells towards pluripotency or unrelated somatic cell-types has been explored in the context of regenerative medicine. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) specialized in the recognition, processing and presentation of antigens to T-cells, inducing adaptive immunity. In particular, the mouse conventional DCs type 1 (cDC1) subset or

An important hallmark of cancer is the ability to evade the immune system. Genetic mutations may result in the accumulation of tumor antigens, however, downregulation of antigen presentation in tumor cells results in decreased immunogenicity and immune surveillance evasion. Recently, we demonstrated that enforced expression of PU.1, IRF8 and BATF3 (PIB) imposes a conventional dendritic cell type 1

Open letters are seen as a politicized form of climate communication, and the professional roles of researchers who engage in these communicative events are thereby cast into question. Based on semi-structured interviews with initiators to open letters, this article argues that while communication can be seen as constitutive and influencing new and emergent professional identities, there are also

In this chapter, we present why and how a territorial perspective on urban design and public space can be fruitful. We start by introducing the notion of territoriology, and then go on to present a brief history of how territoriality traditionally has been discussed in relation to urban design, ending with a few examples of some more recent territoriological studies. We then give a few examples of

Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted code generation is everywhere these days. Undoubtedly, AI will help near-future developers substantially by providing code suggestions and automation. In this application, explainability will be a key quality attribute.

Global in its outlook, this Research Agenda systematically reviews and critiques existing research on sustainable cities, calling for greater engagement with a diversity of perspectives. It interrogates foundational assumptions in the field and offers reframed perspectives on sustainability. Chapters also explore diverse approaches, actors and domains, locating emerging dynamics and new directions

Traditional power reduction techniques such as DVFS or RAPL are challenging to use with web services because they significantly affect the services' latency and throughput. Previous work suggested the use of controllers based on control theory or machine learning to reduce performance degradation under constrained power. However, generating these controllers is challenging as every web service app

In mitosis, transcription factors (TFs) and RNA polymerase disperse across the cytoplasm leading to transcriptional silencing, but some TFs are retained on condensed chromatin and mark genomic sites, a mechanism termed mitotic bookmarking. In pluripotent and differentiated cells this mechanism is important for pluripotency maintenance, cell reprogramming and lineage inheritance. However, the role

We present an age model for the 651g€¯m deep ice core from Skytrain Ice Rise, situated inland of the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. The top 2000 years have previously been dated using age markers interpolated through annual layer counting. Below this, we align the Skytrain core to the AICC2012 age model using tie points in the ice and air phase, and we apply the Paleochrono program to obtain the bes

Baltic Earth is an independent research network of scientists from all Baltic Sea countries that promotes regional Earth system research. Within the framework of this network, the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports (BEARs) were produced in the period 2019-2022. These are a collection of 10 review articles summarising current knowledge on the environmental and climatic state of the Earth system in the

Over the past half-century, drastically increased chemical fertilizers have entered agricultural ecosystems to promote crop production on the Yangtze Plain, potentially enhancing agricultural nutrient sources for eutrophication in freshwater ecosystems. However, long-term trends of nitrogen dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems and their impacts on eutrophication changes in this region remain poorly

Recent electoral victories by left-leaning leaders and parties mark another turn in the oscillations of Latin American politics, but they also signal enduring changes. The electoral success of the left is a sign of both the durability of electoral democracy and the persistence of social pres-sures in highly unequal societies. In this article, we discuss how the electoral fates and governing strate

Annually, an estimated seven million deaths are linked to exposure to airborne pollutants. Despite extensive epidemiological evidence supporting clear associations between poor air quality and a range of short- and long-term health effects, there are considerable gaps in our understanding of the specific mechanisms by which pollutant exposure induces adverse biological responses at the cellular an