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Validation of a Digital Pathology–Based Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Biomarker in a Prospective, Real-World Prostate Cancer Cohort Treated with Prostatectomy

Purpose: A multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI) biomarker was developed using clinical trial data from North American men with localized prostate cancer treated with definitive radiation, using biopsy digital pathology images and key clinical information (age, PSA, and T-stage) to generate prognostic scores. This study externally validates the biomarker in a prospective, real-world dataset of

Quantifying voluntary knee strength deficits and muscular contribution to torque in an anterior cruciate ligament-injured adolescent population using a musculoskeletal model

Background: Surface electromyography is commonly used to elucidate the effect of anterior cruciate ligament injury on neuromuscular function. For comparisons, electromyography is normalized to a known value, such as peak activation during maximum voluntary isometric contractions. However, a knee injury may compromise one's ability to achieve a true maximal effort. A simple musculoskeletal model ma

Receptor Binding for the Entry Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 : Insights from the Original Strain and Emerging Variants

Since its emergence in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has continuously evolved, giving rise to multiple variants that have significantly altered the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic. These variants have resulted in multiple waves of the pandemic, exhibiting characteristic mutations in the spike (S) protein that may have affected receptor interaction, tis

Tracing Visual Expertise in ECG Interpretation : An Eye-Tracking Pilot Study

Background: Visual expertise is pivotal for accurate ECG interpretation. We aimed to identify and measure expertise-based differences in visual search patterns, cognitive load, and diagnostic accuracy during ECG analysis using eye-tracking technology. Methods: First- to third-year residents and board-certified expert cardiologists interpreted ECGs of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome

A Multi-Criteria Framework for Sustainable Marine Spatial Planning in Coastal Cities : Case Study in Shenzhen, China

As rapid urbanization intensified pressure on coastal ecosystems, balancing economic development with ecological preservation remained a critical challenge. This study developed a multi-criteria framework for integrated marine spatial planning and applied it to Shenzhen, China—a rapidly expanding coastal metropolis overseeing 1145 km2 of marine territory with a 260.5 km coastline, 61.47% of which

Riparian Zone Heterogeneity Influences the Amount and Fate of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon at the Land-Water Interface

The transport of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (bDOC) across land-water boundaries is central to supporting the ecological and biogeochemical functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, we know little about how the generation and supply of terrestrial bDOC to streams and lakes is regulated by the physical, biological, and hydrological properties of the riparian interface. Here, we assessed

When Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Meets Viral Hepatitis

The interplay between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and viral hepatitis, primarily hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), presents a complex challenge in managing chronic liver diseases. Recent epidemiological insights suggest an escalating prevalence of MASLD globally, attributed mainly to the obesity epidemic and associated metabolic disorders. Co

Återbruk av byggprodukter i nybyggnation av bostäder : En studie av klimatpåverkan, kostnad och genomförbarhet

År 2045 har Sverige som mål att ha netto-noll utsläpp av växthusgaser. Från och med år 2019 betyder det att utsläppen måste minska med 6–10 % per år. År 2018 stod bygg- och fastighetssektorn i Sverige för 21 % av landets utsläpp av växthusgaser, vilket motsvarade 11,8 miljoner ton koldioxidekvivalenter. Om de utsläpp på 5,8 miljoner ton koldioxidekvivalenter som genererades på grund av import av s

Do morphologically defined groups correspond to reproductively isolated species? A case study in Myrmica ants from Switzerland

The most widely used definition of a species is that it is reproductively isolated from other populations. Yet, most species are described on the basis of morphological criteria, and reproductive isolation is seldom tested. Using the ant genus Myrmica Latreille (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) as a model, we ask whether species described as distinct based on (often subtle) morphological differences indee

Effect of tailored, intensive prehabilitation for risky lifestyles before ventral hernia repair on postoperative outcomes, health, and costs – study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (STRONG-Hernia)

Background A substantial untapped potential for risk reduction may be fulfilled by applying intensive lifestyle interventions targeting the co-existing risky lifestyle factors Smoking, Nutrition (both malnutrition and obesity), risky Alcohol intake, and Physical inactivity (SNAP) before surgery. This trial will compare the effect of combined and individually tailored prehabilitation with standard

Conversion of glutamate into proline by the leucine analog BCH enhances biphasic insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells

Biphasic insulin secretion, which fails in type 2 diabetes, can be provoked by various nutrient stimuli, glucose being the superior physiological one. To identify pathways that may play a role in β-cell stimulus-secretion coupling, we compared β-cell and islet functional, secretory, and metabolic responses to glucose and 2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH), a leucine analog, tha

General vacuum stability of orbifold gauge breaking and application to asymptotic grand unification

We examine the vacuum stability of gauge symmetry breaking in five dimensions, compactified on the S1/(Z2×Z2′) orbifold. We consider SU(N), Sp(N), SO(2N), and SO(2N+1) theories in the bulk, and provide an exhaustive classification of possible parity assignments that lead to stable orbifolds and of the corresponding symmetry breaking patterns. We use these results in the search for viable asymptoti

Validation of dietary whey protein substrate challenge absorption test as an indicator of proteolysis

Introduction Current methods to measure the effectiveness of pancreatic protease activity are inadequate. We explored the measurement of peptide-derived amino acids following ingestion of dietary whey substrate as a sensitive test of exogenous protease activity in exocrine pancreatic insufficient (EPI) pigs. Methods We studied the activity of aspergillus protease given in combination with a novel

Percolative supercurrent in superconductor-ferromagnetic insulator bilayers

We report tunneling spectroscopy and transport measurements in superconducting Al and ferromagnetic insulator EuS bilayers. The samples display remanent spin splitting, roughly half the superconducting gap, and supercurrent transport above the average paramagnetic limit. We interpret this behavior as arising from the interplay between two characteristic length scales: the superconducting coherence

Comparison of the measurement properties of EQ-5D-5L and SF-6Dv2 in Chinese patients on dialysis

Background: Measuring health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in dialysis patients is essential for clinical assessment and economic evaluation. Despite the emergence and increasing use of updated instruments, evidence comparing their performance in Chinese dialysis patients remains limited. The aim of this study was to compare the measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L and the SF-6Dv2 instruments

Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Dihydro-β-erythroidine

Erythrina alkaloids represent a rich source of complex polycyclic, bioactive natural products. In addition to their sedative and hypotensive effect, their curare-like activity and structural framework have made them attractive targets for synthetic and medicinal chemists. (+)-Dihydro-β-erythroidine (DHβE), the most potent nicotine acetylcholine receptor antagonist (nAChR) of the Erythrina fam

Second- and Third-Line Salvage Chemotherapy Followed by Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Leads to High Survival Rates in Primary Refractory AML—A Population-Based Study

Refractory acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) is poorly studied. In this study, we characterized primary refractory AML and investigated treatment and outcome in a population-based setting. Based on all AML patients receiving intensive induction therapy at 12 Swedish hospitals from 2011 to 2018 (N = 1221), we identified 306 patients that failed to achieve composite complete remission (CRc) after fi