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Monitoring and regulation of fermentations is of a paramount industrial and academic importance in order to keep conditions optimal during the entire process. Established techniques employed today include HPLC and spectrophotometry, which both have the disadvantage that broth samples have to be drawn from the fermentor and that they often require sample pre-treatment. The objectives of this study

The aim of this article is to illustrate the central position of Swedish as a schoolsubject with reference to questions of democracy, participation, and commonvalues. I argue that an expanded concept of language and text, which also comprises the aesthetic subjects, can change and broaden the subject of Swe-dish. In a historic perspective there has been a struggle between different ways of underst

The existence of T cells restricted for the MHC I-like molecule CD1 is well established, but the function of these cells is still obscure; one implication is that CD1-dependent T cells regulate autoimmunity. In this study, we investigate their role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for multiple sclerosis, using CD1-deficient mice on a C57BL/6 background. We show t

This study was carried out to estimate the direct and indirect costs associated with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Sweden in 1980 and 1991, and to identify trends in the use of outpatient care, drugs and inpatient care, and the development of temporary morbidity, permanent disability and mortality for asthma and COPD. Routinely published administrative and population d

To link aesthetics to traffic safety, the field of environmental psychology was consid-ered. A new model of driving behaviour was developed, based on Lewin’s (1951) equation, B = f (P,E) and by employing Küllers’ (1991) model of the basic emotional process. The employed model B = f (R(Road), U(Users), A(Task), P(Person)), states that driving behaviour (B) is related to the physical environment (R)

Formoterol, a new beta 2-agonist, and salbutamol were given as aerosols twice and four times daily, respectively, to patients with reversible obstructive lung disease. The study was controlled and double blind, and continued for 12 weeks. Ninety-nine patients from five study centers were included and 89 patients could be properly evaluated. The formoterol-treated patients used significantly less r

Solute transport in the unsaturated zone is a complex process. The first of the two objectives for this study was to examine how it could be conceptualized under different flow conditions. The second objective was to investigate how the time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique should be used in order to obtain high quality data from the soils studied. The TDR is an accurate instrument for water c

Recently, an association between increased blood levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and increased risks of prostate, breast, lung, and colorectal cancers has been suggested. As today adults with GH deficiency are subjected to GH substitution, there is a pressing need for baseline tumor incidence data. The aim of the study was to assess the risk for a second tumor in a cohort of 328 pat

Rapporten behandlar studenter med funktionshinder och deras utbildningserfarenheter. Dessa har kartlagts i en enkätundersökning och i en kvalitativ intervjuundersökning. Undersökningarna visade att funktionhindrade studenters samarbete med kurskamrater och lärare i allmänhet fungerade bra, men att de ibland hamnade i situationer som de uppfattade som kränkande. De vanligaste formerna av kränkning

Poly (lactic acid), PLA, is a biodegradable thermoplastic that can be produced from renewable resources. The polymer is of interest for production of films for packaging applications. However, plasticization of PLA is required in order to obtain films with sufficient flexibility. PLA was blended with tributyl citrate (TbC) and two oligomers of TbC that were synthesized by transesterification of tr

By precipitating a complex salt Ly(OS)(8) of the positively charged protein lysozyme and the anionic surfactant octyl sulfate OS-, one can generate a true ternary system: water-Ly(OS)(8)-NaOS. Using NMR diffusometry and U spectroscopy measurements the thermodynamic parameters of the association processes have been determined. The solubility product of the complex salt, K-s, is 10-(28) M-9.(1) On a

In order to advance the understanding of which types of regional innovation system represent effective innovation support for what kinds of industry in different regions analyses must be contextualized by reference to the actual knowledge base of various industries as well as to the regional and national institutional framework, which strongly shape the innovation processes of firms. Of special im

Abstract is not available

A variant of the cysteine protease inhibitor, cystatin C, forms amyloid deposited in the cerebral vasculature of patients with hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis, Icelandic type (HCHWA-I), leading to cerebral hemorrhages early in life. However, cystatin C is also implicated in neuronal degenerative diseases in which it does not form the amyloid protein, such as Alzheimer disease (AD).