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Although high-level evidence is currently lacking, noninferiority randomised controlled trials in predefined risk groups in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer are under way to scientifically prove the safety of urinary biomarker-guided follow-up. To facilitate recommendations for clinical use, it is essential to comply with the EU certification for in vitro diagnostics and to demonstrate cost effe

The study aimed to investigate if primary health care centers (PHCCs) offering nurse-managed hypertensive care differ from PHCCs with other types of hypertension care regarding blood pressure levels and other key indicators. In this cross-sectional study of the hypertension care given in PHCCs in Stockholm County (now called Region Stockholm), we included all 227 PHCCs in the region. To assess the

Cheaper and more sustainable batteries are key to decarbonize the global energy system, and sodium-ion batteries that use far fewer critical materials are an important option. Research now shows that rapidly improving techno-economics of sodium-ion batteries could soon make them competitive with lithium-ion phosphate batteries under a range of scenarios.

In the Comment by Goletti et al. [Phys. Rev. B 111, 117301 (2025)10.1103/PhysRevB.111.117301], concerns are raised regarding the interpretation of our experimental findings, as well as the application of basic ground-state density functional theory (DFT) models pertaining to the C(111)-(2×1) surface presented in our earlier publication [Reed et al., Phys. Rev. B 105, 205304 (2022)2469-995010.1103/

Aims: The high mortality in untreated acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) stresses the need for prompt diagnosis and immediate surgical treatment. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency and clinical impact of misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis of ATAAD. Methods and results: This was a single-centre, retrospective, observational study including all ATAAD patients with available admission charts b

α-Synuclein is a synaptic protein that accumulates primarily in synucleinopathies and secondarily in certain lysosomal storage disorders. However, its physiological roles in health and disease are not fully understood. In part, this has been hampered by the inability to visualize α-synuclein and its cellular localization, due to the lack of specific antibodies and faithful reporters. Here, we used

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a type-3 intermediate filament protein mainly expressed in astrocytes in the central nervous system. Mutations in GFAP cause Alexander disease (AxD), a rare and fatal neurological disorder. How exactly mutant GFAP eventually leads to white and gray matter deterioration in AxD remains unknown. GFAP is known to be expressed also in neural precursor cells in

Approaches to differentiating pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into neurons currently face two major challenges-(i) generated cells are immature, with limited functional properties; and (ii) cultures exhibit heterogeneous neuronal subtypes and maturation stages. Using lineage-determining transcription factors, we previously developed a single-step method to generate glutamatergic neurons from human P

We and others have shown that embryonic and neonatal fibroblasts can be directly converted into induced neuronal (iN) cells with mature functional properties. Reprogramming of fibroblasts from adult and aged mice, however, has not yet been explored in detail. The ability to generate fully functional iN cells from aged organisms will be particularly important for in vitro modeling of diseases of ol

We recently showed that defined sets of transcription factors are sufficient to convert mouse and human fibroblasts directly into cells resembling functional neurons, referred to as "induced neuronal"(iN) cells. For some applications however, it would be desirable to convert fibroblasts into proliferative neural precursor cells (NPCs) instead of neurons. We hypothesized that NPC-like cells may be

Available methods for differentiating human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) into neurons are often cumbersome, slow, and variable. Alternatively, human fibroblasts can be directly converted into induced neuronal (iN) cells. However, with present techniques conversion is inefficient, synapse formation is limited, and only small amounts of neurons can be generated.

Transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) is a promising potential therapeutic strategy for diseases affecting myelin. However, the derivation of engraftable OPCs from human pluripotent stem cells has proven difficult and primary OPCs are not readily available. Here we report the generation of induced OPCs (iOPCs) by direct lineage conversion. Forced expression of the three transcr

Direct conversion of nonneural cells to functional neurons holds great promise for neurological disease modeling and regenerative medicine. We previously reported rapid reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) into mature induced neuronal (iN) cells by forced expression of three transcription factors: ASCL1, MYT1L, and BRN2. Here, we show that ASCL1 alone is sufficient to generate funct

Artificial Intelligence methods are powerful tools for biological image analysis and processing. High-quality annotated images are key to training and developing new methods, but access to such data is often hindered by the lack of standards for sharing datasets. We brought together community experts in a workshop to develop guidelines to improve the reuse of bioimages and annotations for AI appli

Functionalized computed tomography (CT) in combination with labelled cells is virtually non-existent due to the limited sensitivity of X-ray-absorption-based imaging, but would be highly desirable to realise cell tracking studies in entire organisms. In this study we applied in-line free propagation X-ray phase-contrast CT (XPCT) in an allergic asthma mouse model to assess structural changes as we

One of the key purposes of bone tissue engineering is the development of new biomaterials that can stimulate the body's own regenerative mechanism for patient's anatomical and functional recovery. Bioactive glasses, due to their versatile properties, are excellent candidates to fabricate porous 3-D architectures for bone replacement. In this work, morphological and structural investigations are ca

The small size of the adult and developing mouse heart poses a great challenge for imaging in preclinical research. The aim of the study was to establish a phosphotungstic acid (PTA) ex-vivo staining approach that efficiently enhances the x-ray attenuation of soft-tissue to allow high resolution 3D visualization of mouse hearts by synchrotron radiation based μCT (SRμCT) and classical μCT. We demon

Background: In recent years, there has been interest on the fabrication of systems using particulates or block-based approach for bone tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds, possessing porous interconnected structures. In fact, these particular morphologies greatly increase the surface area for more chemical and biological reactions to take place. Purpose: This study was designed to demonstrate the un

In mice, along with the assessment of eosinophils, lung function measurements, most commonly carried out by plethysmography, are essential to monitor the course of allergic airway inflammation, to examine therapy efficacy and to correlate animal with patient data. To date, plethysmography techniques either use intubation and/or restraining of the mice and are thus invasive, or are limited in their