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The rise of the FZL (feizhuliu) subculture was one of the most eye-catching cultural phenomena in the Chinese cyberspace between 2007 and 2008. It has been considered as vulgar, destructive and problematic by the masses. The purpose of this research was to offer a fresh perspective and insightful view into the FZL subculture. It also was aimed to contribute to the studies of the intersection of su
Fair use is a doctrine native to the U.S., but is with the introduction of the internet more than a decade ago now informally applied worldwide. It has become a potent tool for the digitisation of classic content, such as books and music. In a very debated area of law, copyright is now regarded not as a promotional tool for intellectual endeavours, but as a brake block obstructing the development
Kommersiella parter väljer idag i allt högre grad att slita sina tvister genom skiljeförfarande istället för att genomgå ett traditionellt domstolsförfarande. Skiljeförfarande är i grunden ett eninstansförfarande där parterna genom avtal avsäger rätten att på materiell grund överklaga skiljedomen. Detta medför emellertid inte att parterna avsagt sig rätten till ett processuellt korrekt förfarande.Today, commercial parties are more likely to choose arbitration as a means of solving their indifferences rather than traditional court proceedings. Arbitration is basically a single instance procedure where the parties by agreement waive their right to appeal on substantive grounds. However, this does not preclude the parties the right to due process. The possibility to challenge an arbitral awar
The obligation to use a registered trade mark stipulated in trade mark law exists almost in every jurisdiction. It states that once a trade mark has been registered, the owner must show within several years that the mark has been put into genuine use in respect of the goods or services for which it has been registered. However, the interpretation of the term ‘genuine use’ is vague and it is unclea
The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (hereinafter – the Convention) is the basic European treaty, which was adopted on the 4th of November 1950 by the Council of Europe and came into force on the 3- rd September 1953. To ensure compliance with international legal obligations assumed by the member states (hereinafter - Contracting Parties) to the Council of Eur
This thesis examines five Multinational Development Banks (MDBs) mandate to apply labour standards in their operations. The MDBs are international organizations often set up with a mission to enhance economic growth and reduce poverty. An overwhelming majority of the members of the MDBs are also members of the UN and ILO. One of the ways UN works to reduce poverty is through the Millennium Devel
The main focus of this thesis is on access to knowledge movement. The exceptions and limitations to the exclusive rights of the author’s in International copyright regime has been discussed in line of that. Te paper has analysed article 15 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural rights to have human rights perspective on access to knowledge. The paper has focused also in the
As the case of the Deepwater Horizon reveals, the consequences of an oil spill or any other marine incident can be devastating. Although pollution from ships implies a much lesser scale, nevertheless there must be maximum efforts for preventing the possible risks and consequences of marine casualties. For centuries salvors have remained the ones who will provide the fastest response to a ship in
Payment Services Directive (PSD) was designed with the objective of constituting a new legal framework in the field of payments in the European Union. The Directive not only introduces several new solutions, but also transforms those already existing – reshaping the legal background to a large extent. It is clearly visible that the area of payments is a vastly complex part of the EU law. One shou
Arbitration as a dispute settlement mean is widely used in the disputes on a carriage of goods by sea. As world trade of goods is mainly based on the carriage by sea services, the predictability and certainty regarding to the arbitration of shipping disputes is very important. The fundamental question is an existence of a valid arbitration agreement and accordingly whether or not there is a duty t
The requirement of insurable interest in marine insurances has since long been debated in England, not only in relation to marine insurances. The focal point of this essay does however lie on the requirement of insurable interest in the marine insurance industry in England. Marine insurance as a term includes several types of insurances, a feature these sub-branches of marine insurance have in com
I uppsatsen undersöks konstruktionen av varumärket Fjällräven ur ett avsändarperspektiv, utgående från Fjällrävens höst- och vinterkatalog 2009. Reklammaterialet analyseras utifrån ett semiotiskt förhållningssätt. Med hjälp av begreppet och teori om corporate storytelling identifieras Fjällrävens företagsberättelse. Särskild uppmärksamhet fästs vid de narrativa texterna om ryggsäcken Kånken. Genom
This thesis explores and reflects on the regulations related to marine environment protection with a special focus on the cruise industry. The main provisions regulating the cruise ships activities are primarily addressed by looking at the international and regional conventions for afterwards narrowing down the interest on the impact of their adoption on the development of the Turkish legislation.
To the Maritime lawyer, international ship arrest provides both an interesting and challenging topic. This field of law is so dynamic because a particular vessel trades worldwide and spends much of its time in international waters. The importance of this area of law could be seen from the attention it has received from the international shipping community, this is also evident from the enormous ef
The innovative efforts of the pharmaceutical sector have provided society with numerous new remedies and medicines. Innovation is considered to be of key importance to the sector. The aim of the thesis is to analyse how the relevant legal frameworks should be developed to account for the innovative need of the sector. In order to develop these frameworks it is important to understand the underlyin
Despite efforts to end it, poverty still persists in the world today. Lately, microcredit has received much attention as a possible remedy. Even though there are many studies investigating the effects of microcredit there is a lack of research on the impact of microcredit on national poverty. Therefore the purpose of this study is to investigate that particular aspect by analyzing the impact so fa
The aim for this report is to present an industrial design master thesis carried out by Micael Palmgren at Lunds University. The report describes, not only the end result of the project, but also the path along the line to the final result. The master thesis have developed and visualized a unique concept for a new motorboat for tomorrow, called Gränö 750 ME. The reader will be taken through the de
has learned what works and what lasts. It has been facing and has solved the problem humans stand before today and who better to turn to then someone that already been through the same experience. To find inspiration and to studies nature’s best ideas and then imitates these designs to solve human problems is what Biomimicry is all about. This was my starting point for my master thesis, to identif
In this thesis some of the properties of Conditional Value at Risk and Mean-Variance for portfolio optimization are explored, from a particularly practical perspective. The portfolio optimizations are performed for data in two different time periods: 2006 and 2008. These periods were chosen to capture both positive and negative financial market episodes, with 2006 representing a period of generall
