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Agricultural intensification and expansion are regarded as main drivers of biodiversity loss. This conclusion is mainly based on observed declines of local diversity (α-diversity), while effects on community composition homogenization (decrease of β-diversity) at a larger spatial scale are less well understood. Carabid beetles and spiders represent two widespread guilds and are important predators

Syftet med denna licentiatavhandling är att bidra till en ökad förståelse för hurräddningstjänsten kan förbättra sin förmåga att lösa komplexa problem vidstorskaliga olyckshändelser. Större olyckor är ofta komplexa och dynamiskahändelser som kännetecknas av en hög grad av osäkerhet, oförutsägbarhet ochtvetydighet. Under sådana förhållanden utmanas räddningstjänstens förmåga att lösa de olika och mGlobal trends suggest an increasing level of uncertainty regarding potential risks faced by individuals, organizations, or society as a whole. These trends are likely to alter the risk landscape, necessitating the enhancement of societal capabilities to effectively address emerging risks. Among the key actors dealing with such changes is the Fire and Rescue Service (FRS). However, these challenges

Changes in land cover, particularly agricultural intensification, are a primary cause of pollinator decline. Decline and isolation can reduce genetic diversity, reducing adaptive potential and unmasking genetic load. Maintenance of functional connectivity in changing landscapes is necessary to ensure persistence, but how land cover impacts genetic diversity and functional connectivity in butterfli

Background: Studies suggest that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of amyloid-β (Aβ)42 and Aβ40 present a circadian rhythm. However sustained sampling of large volumes of CSF with indwelling intrathecal catheters used in most of these studies might have affected CSF dynamics and thereby confounded the observed fluctuations in the biomarker levels. Methods: We included 38 individuals with either nor

Translation is an essential genetic process for understanding the mechanism of gene expression. Due to the large number of protein sequences generated in the post-genomic era, conventional methods are unable to identify Translation Initiation Site (TIS) in human genes timely and accurately. It is thus highly desirable to develop an automatic and accurate computational model for identification of T

Lewy body (LB) diseases, characterized by the aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein proteins, exhibit notable clinical heterogeneity. This may be due to variations in accumulation patterns of LB neuropathology. Here we apply a data-driven disease progression model to regional neuropathological LB density scores from 814 brain donors with Lewy pathology. We describe three inferred trajectories of LB

Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) are the substantial ingredients for cell growth and viability, which are found in all living organisms. HSPs manage the process of folding and unfolding of proteins, the quality of newly synthesized proteins and protecting cellular homeostatic processes from environmental stress. On the basis of functionality, HSPs are categorized into six major families namely: (i) HSP2

Background: Mental health problems among adolescents is a global challenge. During the transition to adolescence, physiological, psychological, and social changes occur, leading to increased vulnerability. Thus, adolescent boys are less likely to seek help for mental health problems, which makes them an undetected group. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of adolescent boys’

We survey the current state of the art in the use of nonparametric methods to test separability. We focus on three tests: Swofford and Whitney's (1994) joint test of the necessary and sufficient conditions for weak separability; Fleissig and Whitney's (2003) sequential test of those conditions; and Jones and Stracca's (2006) test of the necessary and sufficient conditions for additive separability

This book studies the interplay of economic philosophy and moral conduct as reflected in the writings of one of the most renowned scholars in Islamic history, Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (d. 1111). Al-Ghazālī contributed to Islamic theology, philosophy, and Sufism but is also regarded as one of the forerunners of classical economic thought in Islamic tradition.Al-Ghazālī made seminal contributions to the

Anaerobic digestion of organic waste into methane and carbon dioxide (biogas) is carried out by complex microbial communities. Here, we use full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 285 full-scale anaerobic digesters (ADs) to expand our knowledge about diversity and function of the bacteria and archaea in ADs worldwide. The sequences are processed into full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is routinely required during pre-participation screening in the presence of symptoms, family history of sudden cardiac death or cardiomyopathies <40-year-old, murmurs, abnormal ECG findings or in the follow-up of athletes with a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). TTE is a cost-effective first-line imaging modality to evaluate the cardiac remodeling due to

PURPOSE: To compare agreement of corneal epithelium thickness (ET) between AS-OCT system (RTVue, Optovue) and AS-OCT/Placido topographer (MS-39, CSO) in eyes with different stages of keratoconus (KC), and to assess the repeatability of RTVue AS-OCT. DESIGN: Prospective reliability analysis. METHODS: KC eyes were classified into forme fruste KC (FFKC), mild, moderate, and severe KC. Agreement was e

Our current understanding of the spread and neurodegenerative effects of tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) within the medial temporal lobe (MTL) during the early stages of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is limited by the presence of confounding non-AD pathologies and the two-dimensional (2-D) nature of conventional histology studies. Here, we combine ex vivo MRI and serial histological imaging from 25

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the rate of re-ascent requiring re-operation after primary orchidopexy and to investigate eventual differences between the inguinal and scrotal approach as well as other potential predictors for re-ascent. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of children treated for undescended testis (UDT) with orchidopexy between 2018 and 2022 was conducted. The primary

Background: Addressing attitudes is central to achieving sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) and Agenda 2030. We aimed to develop a comprehensive index to measure attitudinal support for SRHR, expanding opportunities for global trend analyses and tailored interventions. Methods: We designed a new module capturing attitudes towards different dimensions of SRHR, collected via the nation

Neurological and cardiac injuries are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality following pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Preservation of mitochondrial function may be critical for reducing these injuries. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has shown potential to enhance mitochondrial content and reduce oxidative damage. To investigate the efficacy of DMF in mitigating mitochondrial in

Background: Sit-to-stand (STS) is one of the most commonly performed functional movements in a child’s daily life that enables the child to perform functional activities such as independent transfer and to initiate walking and self-care. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have reduced STS ability. The aim of this study was to describe STS performance in a national based total population of ch