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In this article we report Si 2p core-level spectroscopy results from the alkali (Li, Na, and K) induced Si(111)-3 x 1 reconstructions. The experimental results are compared to the theoretical honeycomb-chain channel (HCC) model for,the 3 x 1 reconstruction using density functional theory (DFT) to calculate core-level shifts using both initial and final-state calculation schemes. Si 2p core-level s

Urinary hexahydrophthalic acid (HHP acid) levels were determined in 20 workers occupationally exposed to hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) air levels of 11-220 micrograms/m3. The levels of HHP acid in urine increased rapidly during exposure and the decreases were also rapid after the end of exposure. The elimination half-time of HHP acid was 5 h, which was significantly longer than in experimenta

Background & objectives: Human and animal cystatins have been shown to inhibit the replication of certain viruses and bacteria, though it is not directly demonstrated that the effects are due to protease inhibitory capacity of the cystatins. We report antibacterial properties of a novel antimicrobial peptidyl derivative, (2S)-2-(N-alpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-arginyl-leucylamido)-1-(E)-cinnamoyla m

The influence of different nutrient conditions on the production of toxins was studied in certain fishkilling haptophytes (e.g. Prymnesium parvum and Chrysochromulina polylepis). The toxicity was strongly influenced by the nutrient status of the medium, resulting in a significantly higher toxicity when grown under nutrient limited conditions compared to nutrient replete conditions. This occurred i

The water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is considered as the molecular counterpart of the ultrasmall pore predicted by the three-pore model of fluid transport across the peritoneal membrane. However, the definitive proof of the implication of AQP1 in solute-free water transport, sodium sieving, and ultrafiltration (UF) during peritoneal dialysis (PD) is lacking, and the effects of its deletion on the

This paper is a direct continuation of a previous study that addressed the performance and design of a variable compression engine, the Alvar-Cycle Engine [1]. The earlier study was presented at the SAE International Conference and Exposition in Detroit during February 23- 26, 1998 as SAE paper 981027. In the present paper test results from a single cylinder prototype are reviewed and compared wit

The present study is a review of published investigations regarding the economy of ethanol production from lignocellulosic material The objective is to present relations between and tendencies observed in different cost estimates. The influence of plant capacity and overall product yield on the ethanol production cost is investigated, as well as variations in capital costs in the different process

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is attempted in all our patients scheduled for cholecystectomy. The related standard radiologic procedures are preoperative ultrasonography (US) and preoperative cholangiography (PCA). In a retrospective study of 214 patients scheduled for LC over a 2-year period we have reviewed the radiologic and clinical records. Preoperative US revealed stones in the common bi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Genom att använda en fettsyra, oktansyra, som modelsubstans har fouling pga adsorption inne i membranmatrisen studerats. Det har visats att mycket lågmolekylära hydrofoba föreningar kan ha en förödande inverkan på ett membrans flux, även om retentionen för dem är mindre än 10%. En teori om att foulingen beror på kapillärkondensation och hur detta skulle kunna användas fA study of fouling of ultrafiltration membranes due to adsorption of a fatty acid in the membrane matrix has been done. Octanoic acid was used as a model substance. It has been shown that a low-molecular-weight hydrophobic solute can have detrimental effects on the flux of hydrophobic ultrafiltration membranes even though the size of the solute is much smaller than the cut-off of the membrane and

That the Church of Norway has now adopted gender equality as its policy, is a new situation in a historical perspective, and is the result of a long process within the framework of the state church system. In this context, the way in which the Storting (the Norwegian parliament) dealt with the issue of admitting women to clerical offices in the 1930s was important. The purpose of this thesis has b

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are often characterized by complex karyotypic changes, and a substantial proportion of the reported tumors have shown intratumor heterogeneity in the form of cytogenetically related (40%) or unrelated clones (20%). In order to study intratumor heterogeneity and to distinguish the temporal order of chromosome rearrangements in these tumors, two or more

OBJECTIVE: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been proposed as a new treatment modality for type 2 diabetes. To circumvent the drawback of the short half-life of GLP-1, inhibitors of the GLP-1-degrading enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) have been examined. Such inhibitors improve glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant rats and mice. In this study, we examined the 4-week effect of 1-[[[2-[(5

Most couples therapy theories are developed and tested in the USA. In this clinical study, we investigated such therapies in a Swedish context. Over 300 couples were enrolled in the study of whom just under half completed the end-of-treatment assessment and just over 40 per cent a two-year follow-up. At the start, the study group displayed severe problems in marital adjustment, dyadic interactions

Plant and animal lectins with various carbohydrate specificities were used to type 35 Irish clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori and the type strain NCTC 11637 in a microtiter plate assay. Initially, a panel of eight lectins with the indicated primary specificities were used: Anguilla anguilla (AAA), Lotus tetragonolobus (Lotus A), and Ulex europaeus I (UEA I), specific for -L-fucose; Solanum

1. The invasive golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata), native to South America, is a serious pest on rice seedlings in south-east Asia and has also been shown to consume large amounts of macrophytes in natural wetlands, with large effects on ecosystem functioning. Earlier studies suggest that the snail undergoes an ontogenetic diet shift, feeding on algae and detritus as juveniles and shifting

Bioelectrocatalytic reduction of H2O2 catalysed by lignin peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium (LiP) was studied with LiP-modified graphite electrodes to elucidate the ability of UP to electro-enzymatically oxidise phenols, catechols, as well as veratryl alcohol (VA) and some other high-redox-potential lignin model compounds (LMC). Flow-through amperometric experiments performed at +0.1 V v

A method for simulating the cooled gas turbine is demonstrated. Based on equations and other knowledge found in the literature, a first-law thermodynamic, non-dimensional model is established and implemented in the equation-solving, programmable software IPSEpro. Increasing the water vapor or carbon dioxide contents of the gas turbine hot gas is found not to have an impact on the Stanton number,

In this paper, a method of assessing water quality from satellite data is introduced. The composite pollution index (CPI) was calculated from measured chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrient concentration. The relationships between CPI and 240 band combinations of SeaWiFS water-leaving radiance were analyzed and the optimal band combination for estimating CPI was chosen from the 240 band combina