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A psychological preparation program was developed for use prior to emergency surgery in children. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that provision of specific information prior to an emergency operation would reduce the need for premedication to control anxiety and stress. Children were randomly assigned to either a verbally prepared group given narcotic-sedative premedication (

AbstractThe cerebellum is an important part of the brain and in very preterm infants the cerebellum is smaller at term equivalent age compared to that of infants born at term.Hypothesis and aims: The general hypothesis is that preterm birth per se causes cerebellar underdevelopment and that certain events following preterm birth, either complications or treatments, can aggravate the underdevelopme

Draba incana L. (Brassicaceae) is an arctic-alpine species which is both common and widely distributed in Iceland. Voucher specimens of D. incana in the ICEL and AMNH herbaria were examined and no major changes in the taxonomic identification or the species distribution map were made. Living plants were collected in this study: nine from Eyjafjördur and Lake Mývatn, northern Iceland, and one from

The genus Draba L. is a conspicuous element of the arctic flora, comprising about 350 species worldwide which mostly are arctic-alpine polyploids. Previously, it has mainly been Draba incana L., D. norvegica Gunn., D. nivalis Liljebl., D. alpina L., D. fladnizensis Wulf., D. daurica DC., D. lactea and D. cinerea Adams that have been considered as belonging to the Icelandic flora. In this paper we

In Swedish historical archaeology, studies of towns have diverged from definition to deconstruction. In landscape studies the existence of occasional similar expressions of power in rural contexts as in towns is stressed. Another observation is that towns can display vague forms of urbanity, with lack of dense settlement and varied economy, as well as showing agrarian affiliations. A focus on sing

The aim of this article is to explore how ‘children's rights’ and ‘gender equality’ are articulated in parenting support policies in Sweden, and how these policies are enacted in practice with respect to the two perspectives mentioned. The analysis builds on key policy documents and interviews with civil servants working on parenting support on local, regional and national levels. The results show

Recent studies find that higher degrees of democracy are related to higher levels of bureaucratic quality. However, they only offer limited explanations for this pattern based on a unidimensional understanding of democracy. We argue that future uncertainties as perceived by the incumbent, the opposition, and voters are important for why bureaucratic reform takes place. Therefore, we expect no unif

This study considers evolutionary games with non-uniformly random matching when interaction occurs in groups of n ≥ 2 individuals using pure strategies from a finite strategy set. In such models, groups with different compositions of individuals generally co-exist and the reproductive success (fitness) of a specific strategy varies with the frequencies of different group types. These frequencies c

In this paper we describe present work on multimodal prosody by means of simultaneous recordings of articulation and head movements. Earlier work has explored patterning, usage and machine-learning based detection of focal pitch accents, head beats and eyebrow beats through audiovisual recordings. Kinematic data obtained through articulography allows for more comparable and accurate measurements, In this paper we describe present work on multimodal prosody by means of simultaneous recordings of articulation and head movements. Earlier work has explored patterning, usage and machine-learning based detection of focal pitch accents, head beats and eyebrow beats through audiovisual recordings. Kinematic data obtained through articulography allows for more comparable and accurate measurements,

MIMO is an undisputed breakthrough in advanced wireless technology, as it offers potentially linear increase in information-theoretic capacity with the number of antennas. However, the implementation of MIMO in compact terminals is a relatively uncharted topic, due to challenging problems with high antenna correlation and mismatch loss, both of which greatly reduces the expected MIMO gains. In thi

In the sporadic permafrost zone of North America, thaw‐induced boreal forest loss is leading to permafrost‐free wetland expansion. These land cover changes alter landscape‐scale surface properties with potentially large, however, still unknown impacts on regional climates. In this study, we combine nested eddy covariance flux tower measurements with satellite remote sensing to characterize the imp