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Predators exert strong regulating forces on lower trophic levels through predation. As most fish are visual foragers, visual conditions in the water may alter the strength of this regulation. We evaluated effects of turbidity and humic water on foraging efficiency and prey-size selectivity in Northern pike (Esox lucius) feeding on roach (Rutilus rutilus). Encounter rates decreased in both turbid a

Water-induced reorganization of individual one-dimensional J-aggregates of perylene bisimide (PBI) dyes was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence spectra and decay kinetics of individual J-aggregates immobilized on glass surfaces were measured under a dry nitrogen atmosphere and under humid conditions. The fluorescence properties of PBI J-aggregates arisen from collective excitons unde

We introduce a new dataset, Human3.6M, of 3.6 Million 3D Human poses, acquired by recording the performance of 11 subjects, under 4 different viewpoints, for training realistic human sensing systems and for evaluating the next generation of human pose estimation models. Besides increasing the size the current state of the art datasets by several orders of magnitude, we aim to complement such datas

There is increasing evidence that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections with different genotypes and subgenotypes differ in response to treatment and long-term prognosis. The differences emerge from variability within the genomes that leads to structural deviations at the pregenomic level and to changes at the translational level. Naturally occurring HBV strains covering the four major genotypes A-D

This study examines the dialogic functions of EXPANSION and CONTRACTION of first-person epistemic and evidential Complement-Taking Predicate (CTP) constructions, such as I think COMPLEMENT, I suppose COMPLEMENT and I know COMPLEMENT, in spoken discourse. It combines corpus and experimental methods (i) to investigate whether CTP constructions are used to open up the dialogic space for new ideas or

In this study, characterization of the binding kinetics and optimization of a magnetic permeability based point-of-care (POC) immunoassay system for quantification of canine C-reactive protein (cCRP) is described. The reagent is based on a two-site heterogeneous immunoassay system utilizing conjugated superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPION) and silica particles, both particles carrying covalently

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to clarify the microbial change in the intestinal microbiota in patients, with cardiovascular disease, consuming a drink with high numbers of live Lactobacillus plantarum. METHODS: Sixteen males, with atherosclerotic plaque on the carotid wall, were randomly selected from a larger cohort and included in this double blind, placebo controlled study. Colonic biopsies, take

A growing body of evidence has shown that the heart is not terminally differentiated but continues to renew its cardiomyocytes even after the neonatal period. This new view of the heart increases hope for changing the strategy for treating cardiac injuries toward regenerative approaches. However, the magnitude and clinical significance of this process in homeostasis and disease and the underlying

P>Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated neuropeptide Y (NPY) overexpression in areas of seizure onset or generalization may be effective for the treatment of pharmacoresistant seizures in focal onset epilepsy. NPY overexpression mediates anticonvulsant activity in various seizures models and antiepileptogenic effects in kindling. Side effects are limited thus suggesting that this therapeutic appro

To resist infections, robust defense mechanisms of the airways are essential. Retinoic acid promotes differentiation and maintains the phenotypic characteristics of bronchial epithelium. In addition, it induces the expression of the antibacterial growth factor midkine (MK). In the present study, we explored the expression and antibacterial activity of MK in an airway context. MK was detected in br

Photosynthetic microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) are an emerging technology for renewable solar energy conversion. Major efforts have been made to explore the electrogenic activity of cyanobacteria, mostly using practically unsustainable reagents. Here we report on photocurrent generation (≈8.64 μA cm(-2)) from cyanobacteria immobilized on electrodes modified with an efficient electron mediator, an Os(

Robot-assisted general surgery operations are being performed more frequently. This review investigates whether robotic assistance results in significant advantages or disadvantages for the operative treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and achalasia.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of in vivo x-ray dark-field radiography for early-stage diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema in mice. Furthermore, we aimed to analyze how the dark-field signal correlates with morphological changes of lung architecture at distinct stages of emphysema.

Soot aggregates formed in combustion processes are often described as clusters of carbonaceous particles in random fractal structures. For theoretical studies of the physical properties of such aggregates, they have often been modelled as spherical primary particles in point contact. However, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that the primary particles are more connected than in a