I Ryssland spelar de litterära klassikerna en roll som på ett avgörande sätt skiljer sig från svenska förhållanden. På grund av den utbredda analfabetismen vid bolsjevikernas makttillträde har böcker och läsande blivit starkt förknippade med det sovjetiska moderniseringsprojektet. De nya makthavarna såg som sin uppgift att sprida det som i väst har uppfattats som ett borgerligt bildningsideal till

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund: Signalsystem Alla flercelliga organismer är beroende av informationsöverföring mellan celler. Det behövs signaler från andra celler för att reglera tillväxt, ämnesomsättning m. fl. funktioner i olika vävnader. Oftast överförs signalerna via kemiska ämnen som antingen verkar i hela kroppen (hormoner) eller lokalt. När dessa ämnen når målcellen, binds de till eThe cyclic nucleotide signalling systems are important in vascular smooth muscle and in the immune system, and are of interest from a pharmacological point of view. Drugs which interfere with the cyclic nucleotide levels have profound effects on heart, blood vessels and airways and have actual or potential use in several important diseases, such as heart failure, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, as

Research programs regularly compete to achieve the same goal, such as the discovery of the structure of DNA or the construction of a TEA laser. The more the competing programs share information, the faster the goal is likely to be reached, to society’s benefit. But the “priority rule”-the scientific norm according to which the first program to reach the goal in question must receive all the credit

This paper describes the error-correcting capability of a convolutional code when transmitting close to capacity. We show that it is the combination of average burst length and first event error probability that allows us to better describe the error-correcting capability of a code

During the last ten years a rapid progress has been made in the development of analytical methods for a fire engineering design of load bearing structures and structural members. In a long-term perspective, the development then goes towards an analytical design, directly based on a natural fire exposure, specified with regard to the combustion characteristics of the fire load and the geometrical,

Shear banding in sand is an emergent fine-scale mechanism whose characteristic length scale is only a few particles. X-ray scanning a sand specimen under loading allows the analysis of the kinematics of individual grains and grain contacts during deformation. This paper summarises results from one such test performed on Hostun sand, and discusses some key issues that must be addressed in order to

Popular Abstract in Swedish Randomiserade, kontrollerade studier av patientutbildning med tonvikt på patienter med hjärtsvikt och patienter med ledsjukdomar.För att förbättra behandling och omhändertagandet av patienter med kroniska sjukdomar måste kontrollerade studier med olika mål och effektvariabler utföras. En begränsning i många studier är att patientmaterialet är selekterat och patient- proIn order to improve the treatment and care of patients with chronic diseases, controlled studies have to be performed continuously. It is widely believed that giving education/information to patients will increase their knowledge and compliance, which will decrease medical events and cost. Most educational activities in clinical practice are not based on evaluated models of effective disease manag

Popular Abstract in English Nowadays, cutting-edge technologies require devices to be small, ultrafast, and operational in a wide range of regimes. To fulfill these requirements we need to go beyond the traditional materials, i.e. to solids with novel, unconventional and tailorable properties. Great progress in this direction is conjectured to stem from materials in which the effect of inter-partiCutting-edge technology needs small, ultrafast devices, operational in a wide range of regimes. This calls for solids with novel, unconventional and tailorable properties. Great progress is expected from materials in which electron-electron and electron-phonon correlations strongly affect the dynamics ( i.e. "unforeseen" useful properties are expected to be most likely found in systems with comple

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