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A room-temperature electrical property of three-terminal ballistic junctions (TBJs) is predicted. For a symmetric TBJ. it is shown that when finite voltages F and -V are applied to the left and right branches. the voltage Output V, from the central branch will always be negative. This characteristic appears even when the symmetry in the TBJ is broken. provided that V! is larger than a threshold. A

Synthesis of YBa2Cu3O6+x from formic acid solutions of stoichiometric amounts of the initial materials has been investigated in the temperature range 750–950°C. The reaction is strongly influenced by the concentration of formic acid. Dilute solutions favor synthesis of purer samples under moderate conditions of temperature and sintering time. At lower temperature the same effect can be achieved if

Abstract is not available

The article aims at answering the question of the title by applying a genealogical perspective.

A group of oncologists and hospital physicists have estimated the number of patients in Sweden suitable for proton beam therapy. The estimations have been based on current statistics of tumour incidence, number of patients potentially eligible for radiation treatment, scientific support from clinical trials and model dose planning studies and knowledge of the doseresponse relations of different tu

A single intradermal injection of the mineral oil pristane in susceptible DA.1F rats induces erosive arthritis closely mimicking rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) is driven by autoreactive T cells but no autoantigen has been identified to date. We therefore analyzed B and T cell responses to autoantigens potentially involved in the pathogenesis of RA, including IgG, citru

A group of Swedish oncologists and hospital physicists have estimated the number of patients in Sweden suitable for proton beam therapy. The estimations have been based on current statistics of tumour incidence, number of patients potentially eligible for radiation treatment, scientific support from clinical trials and model dose planning studies and knowledge of the dose-response relations of dif

We present C 1s x-ray absorption, x-ray emission, and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra of single-phase crystalline K3C60. The comparison to valence-band photoelectron spectra from the same sample facilitates identification of the contribution from surface and bulk electronic states in the latter. Bulk-sensitive techniques show that the valence bands of K3C60 and pure C60 are char

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the influence of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) on the intra-urethral pressure in female rats, as both these neuropeptides have been demonstrated to occur in nerve fibres throughout all layers of the intrinsic external urethral sphincter of the rat. Material and Methods: Both CGRP and SP were administered intra-arteria

Abstract is not available.

Cytokines have been shown to have important roles in lymphopoiesis. However, many questions remain unresolved. Among other, while the action of interleukin (IL)-7 in alpha beta T cell development in mouse seems to be largely mediated through permissive survival signaling, the possible permissive role of IL-7 in early B cell development is disputed. Furthermore, FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (F

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This work discusses methods to obtain reference following on unstable systems. The task is critical; introduction of refernce signal might cause instability in some cases. It is thus interesting to develop strategies that offer acceptable reference following, but also guarantees stability. In practice similiar problems arises in flight control systems for unstable fighter aircrafts. Experimental v