Two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopy has been intensively used to study electronic and vibronic coherences in biological systems and semiconductors. This technique studies coherent as well as incoherent signals that arise from the nonlinear interaction of a sequence of laser pulses. In this paper we present a direct evaluation of the 2D signal based on elementary quantum kinetics in order to compare

Electrons are the workhorses of solar energy conversion. Conversion of the energy of light to electricity in photovoltaics, or to energy-rich molecules (solar fuel) through photocatalytic processes, invariably starts with photoinduced generation of energy-rich electrons. The harvesting of these electrons in practical devices rests on a series of electron transfer processes whose dynamics and effic

The book traces the literary journey that Proust's work made to China and back by means of translation, intertextual engagement, and the creation of a transcultural dialogue through migrant literature. It begins with a translation history of Proust's work in China and studies the different (re)translations and editions of La Recherche highlighting their culturally conditioned thematic emphases and

Aluminium och Aluminiumlegeringar, som förutom aluminium innehåller några få procent av andra metaller, används i flera olika produkter såsom mobiltelefoner, flygplan, bilar och byggnader. Bland annat är aluminiumlegeringar det mest använda byggtekniska materialet efter järnlegeringar. Det breda användandet av aluminiumlegeringar förklaras av de många fördelaktiga egenskaperna. Till exempel har leIn this thesis, the studies of native and anodic oxides on both aluminum model single crystal surfaces as well as on aluminum alloys found in applications are presented. The focus has been on the characterization in situ as the oxide is growing by an electrochemical process called anodization. For the investigations, a combination of various X-ray scattering and spectroscopy methods, as well as el

For the endohedral fullerene molecule HoLu2N@C80, it is shown that the endohedral HoLu2N unit may be oriented in a magnetic field. The Ho magnetic moment is fixed in the strong ligand field and aligns along the holmium-nitrogen axis. The torque of a magnetic field on the Ho magnetic moment leads to a hopping bias of the endohedral unit inclining to an orientation parallel to the externally applied

In this contribution, Göransson explores the historical background of classical philology,in particular Latin, in Sweden. Research in Latin encompasses studies on Latin of alltimes: both classical, medieval and Neo-Latin. Göransson discusses the growth of the subjectboth in the upper secondary school and in the universities in the late 1990s. Today,however, the economic system is hard on all minor