Migraine treatment has reached a new era with the development of drugs that target the trigeminal neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor. The CGRP related therapies offer considerable improvements over existing drugs as they are the first to be designed to act on the trigeminal pain system, more specific and with few adverse events. Small molecule CGRP receptor antagon

Purpose: The quantitative accuracy of Nuclear Medicine images, acquired for both planar and SPECT studies, is influenced by the isotope-collimator combination as well as image corrections incorporated in the iterative reconstruction process. These factors can be investigated and optimised using Monte Carlo simulations. This study aimed to evaluate SPECT quantification accuracy for 123I with both t

Good institutions and high quality of governance are generally considered to be prerequisites for economic growth and other positive socio-economic outcomes. This is due to their role in framing decisions by agents, including policymakers, business owners or individuals. Despite the many theoretical and empirical contributions to their study, we argue that three elements deserve further attention.

Purpose: To highlight recognizable patterns of subretinal fibrosis in enhanced S-cone syndrome (ESCS). Design: Retrospective case series. Participants: Forty-seven patients with subretinal fibrosis identified from 101 patients with clinically diagnosed ESCS, confirmed by full-field electroretinography (35/47), genetic testing (34/47), or both. Methods: Multimodal retinal imaging, electroretinograp

This work considers direction-finding using a monostatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar in the presence of impulsive noise. Employing a novel low-order covariance-based exponential kernel function, the proposed maximum likelihood (ML) formulation exploits an introduced quantum whale optimization algorithm (QWOA) to form the direction estimates. The resulting estimates are shown to be

Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family of kinases and shares a highly conserved kinase domain with other mitogen-activated protein kinase family members. The activation of NLK contributes to the pathogenesis of Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA), reducing c-myb expression and mechanistic target of rapamycin activity, and is therefore a potential therapeutic ta

Controlling the nucleation and crystal growth in solution-processed metal halide perovskite (MHP) thin films is the pivotal point in fabricating homogenous and pinhole-free films. Using scalable coating and printing techniques, vacuum and gas flow-assisted drying processes turn out to be the most promising methods to induce nucleation and crystallization. Yet, the exact interplay and nature of the

Objectives This study aimed to explore the relationship (presence and severity) between chronic breathlessness and sleep problems, independently of diagnoses and health service contact by surveying a large, representative sample of the general population. Setting Analysis of the 2017 South Australian Health Omnibus Survey, an annual, cross-sectional, face-to-face, multistage, clustered area system

This is a comment on the review by Korolev and Leisner (2020, hereafter KL2020). The only two laboratory/field studies ever to measure the breakup in ice-ice collisions for in-cloud conditions were negatively criticised by KL2020, as were our subsequent theoretical and modelling studies informed by both studies. First, hypothetically, even without any further laboratory experiments, such theoretic

Aim: Promoting walking activity is an effective way to improve the health of older adults. Walking frequency is a critical component of walking behavior and an essential determinant of daily walking levels. To decipher the association between the built environment and walking frequency among older adults, this study's aims are as follows: (1) to empirically test whether non-linear relationships be

Background and purpose — Hip dysplasia in adults is a deformity in which the acetabulum inadequately covers the femoral head. The prevalence is sparingly described in the literature. We investigated the prevalence in Malmö (Sweden) and assessed whether the condition was recognized in the radiology reports. Subjects and methods — All pelvic radiographs performed in Malmö during 2007–2008 on subject

Introduction: Lynch syndrome is a multi-tumor syndrome characterized by mismatch repair deficiency (MMR-d), microsatellite instability (MSI), and increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) making these tumors candidates for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, response may depend on tumor-induced immune evasion mechanisms, e.g. loss of Beta-2-Microglobulin (B2M) or upregulati

Background: The presence of noise is problematic in the analysis and interpretation of the ECG, especially in ambulatory monitoring. Restricting the analysis to high-quality signal segments only comes with the risk of excluding significant arrhythmia episodes. Therefore, the development of novel electrode technology, robust to noise, continues to be warranted. Methods: The signal quality of a nove

Background In cohorts with voluntary participation, participants may not be representative of the underlying population, leading to distorted estimates. If the relevant sources of selective participation are observed, it is however possible to restore the representativeness by reweighting the sample to resemble the target population. So far, few studies in epidemiology have applied reweighting bas

The agri-food sector and supply chain is a foundational component of society and is required for healthy populations across the globe. Feeding the world, not only with enough calories, but with nutritious food that has been sustainably sourced and processed, is a continuous and developing challenge. Despite this, careers in research and development opportunities in the agri-food sector have less v

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a haematological malignancy characterised by blood cytopenias and predisposition to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Therapies for MDS are lacking, particularly those that impact the early stages of disease. We developed a model of MDS using zebrafish using knockout of Rps14,the primary mediator of the anaemia associated with del (5q) MDS. These mutant animals displ

Quinoa stalks glucuronoarabinoxylan (QSGAX) has been extracted by alkali and further utilized for production of two-types of xylooligosaccharides (XOs): i) enzymatically produced glucuronosylated-XOs (GXOs), and ii) a dilute acid produced mixture of non-substituted/substituted XOs of different degree of polymerization (DP). The respective mixtures were then separately evaluated as prebiotics by an

Population bottlenecks associated with founder events strongly impact the establishment and genetic makeup of populations. In addition to their genotype, founding individuals also bring along parasites, as well as symbionts that can manipulate the phenotype of their host, affecting the host population establishment, dynamics and evolution. Thus, to understand introduction, invasion, and spread, we

Extra charges in semiconductor nanocrystals are of paramount importance for their electrically driven optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. Optical excitations of such charged nanocrystals lead to rapid recombinationviaan Auger process, which can deteriorate the performance of the corresponding devices. While numerous articles report trion Auger processes in negatively charged nanocrystals