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GLP-1 released to the mesenteric lymph duct in mice: Effects of glucose and fat.

Using a newly developed in vivo model measuring glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in gut lymphatics in mice, we quantified GLP-1 secretion in vivo after glucose versus fat ingestion with and without concomitant DPP-4 inhibition. The mesenteric lymphatic duct was cannulated in anesthetized C57BL6/J mice and lymph was collected in 30min intervals. Glucose or fat emulsion (Intralipid(R)) (0.03, 0.1 or

Reduction of X-ray generation in high-intensity laser ion acceleration

In this paper, we report on measurements of bremsstrahlung in laser ion acceleration experiments from ultra-thin, polymer-based target foils. The influence of laser polarization on the generated radiation, the maximum achievable proton energy and the total proton number is investigated. A clear benefit in terms of radiation reduction by the use of circular polarized light can be observed. At the s

Tissue proteome profiling of preeclamptic placenta using recombinant antibody microarrays

PURPOSE: preeclampsia (PE) is a severe, multi-system pregnancy disorder of yet unknown cause, missing means of treatment, and our fundamental understanding of the disease is still impaired. The purpose of this discovery study was to define candidate placenta tissue protein biomarker signatures to further decipher the molecular features of PE.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: we used recombinant antibody microa

Mobility of Core Water in Bacillus subtilis Spores by (2)H NMR.

Bacterial spores in a metabolically dormant state can survive long periods without nutrients under extreme environmental conditions. The molecular basis of spore dormancy is not well understood, but the distribution and physical state of water within the spore is thought to play an important role. Two scenarios have been proposed for the spore's core region, containing the DNA and most enzymes. In

Construct Validity of a New Rating Scale for Self-Reported Impairments in Persons With Late Effects of Polio.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the construct validity of a new rating scale for self-reported impairments in persons with late effects of polio. DESIGN: Psychometric analysis of data on self-perceived impairments in persons with prior polio. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred and seventy-three persons with prior polio (119 men and 154 women; mean age, 63.5 years). METHOD: Rasch analysis of a 13-item rating scale w

A review of the tensor veli palatine function and its relevance to palatoplasty.

Abstract The main purpose of palatoplasty is to establish normal speech and deglutition. To enhance the chance of successful palatal repair, as well as optimal velopharyngeal competence, the anatomy of the palate has to be thoroughly understood. While carrying out the repair, some surgeons prefer to cut the tensor veli palatini (TVP) tendon, others perform a tenopexy or fracture the hamulus around

The Influence of Biodiversity Provision on the Cost Structure of Swedish Dairy Farming

Multi-functionality and the provision of eco-system services are politically highly prioritised aspects of farming. This study uses a Symmetric Generalised McFadden cost function to analyze the relationship between costs of production and the provision of biodiversity for Swedish milk farms. Biodiversity indicators are based on the number of valuable plant species present at the farm and are model

Aerial Application of Mancozeb and Urinary Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) Concentrations among Pregnant Women in Costa Rica: The Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA).

Background: Mancozeb and its main metabolite ethylene thiourea (ETU) may alter thyroid function; thyroid hormones are essential for fetal brain development. In Costa Rica, mancozeb is aerially sprayed at large-scale banana plantations on a weekly basis. Objectives: (1) evaluate urinary ETU concentrations in pregnant women living nearby large-scale banana plantations; (2) compare their estimated da

Sown flower strips in southern Sweden increase abundances of wild bees and hoverflies in the wider landscape

Pollinator populations have suffered severe declines in many industrialised countries due to reduced floral and nesting resources, brought on by agricultural intensification. One potential method of mitigating these effects is creating flower strips. Most previous studies have shown higher pollinator abundances in flower strips, but none have been able to demonstrate increased pollinator abundance

Antibacterial activity of the contact and complement systems is blocked by SIC, a protein secreted by Streptococcus pyogenes.

Recent studies have shown that activation of the complement and contact systems results in the generation of antibacterial peptides. Streptococcus pyogenes, a major bacterial pathogen in humans, exists in more than one hundred different serotypes due to sequence variation in the surface-associated M protein. Cases of invasive and life-threatening S. pyogenes infections are commonly associated with

Timing of nocturnal passerine migration in Arctic light conditions

The nocturnal migration of many passerines starts after sunset and reaches peak intensity during the dark hours of the night. Birds destined for high Arctic breeding grounds encounter a special situation, as they will experience continuous daylight when reaching the high latitudes during the final part of spring migration. How does this affect the pattern of nocturnal migration? We consider three

Solar forcing of climate during the last millennium recorded in lake sediments from northern Sweden

We report on a sediment record from a small lake within the subarctic wetland complex Stordalen in northernmost Sweden covering the last 1000 years. Variations in the content of minerogenic material are found to follow reconstructed variations in the activity of the Sun between the 13th and 18th centuries. Periods of low solar activity are associated with minima in minerogenic material and vice ve

Health impacts of anthropogenic biomass burning in the developed world.

Climate change policies have stimulated a shift towards renewable energy sources such as biomass. The economic crisis of 2008 has also increased the practice of household biomass burning as it is often cheaper than using oil, gas or electricity for heating. As a result, household biomass combustion is becoming an important source of air pollutants in the European Union.This position paper discusse

Efficient Purification of CD4+ Lymphocytes from Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cell Products Using Affinity Bead Acoustophoresis

Processing of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) for clinical transplantation or research applications aims to effectively isolate or deplete specific cell populations, utilizing primarily magnetic or fluorescence activated sorting methods. Here, we investigated the performance of microfluidic acoustophoresis for the separation of lymphocyte subsets from PBPC, and present a novel method for

Health-related quality of life is impaired in active collagenous colitis

Objectives: The characteristic clinical symptoms of collagenous colitis are non-bloody diarrhoea, urgency and abdominal pain. Treatment is aimed at reducing the symptom burden and the disease impact on patients' health-related quality of life. The objective of this study was to analyse health-related quality of life in patients with collagenous colitis. Methods: In a cross-sectional, postal HRQL s