Fragmentation of gas-phase chloro-and bromoacetic acid samples, particularly its dependency on the atomic site of the initial core ionization, was studied in photoelectron-photoion-photoion coincidence (PEPIPICO) measurements. The fragmentation was investigated after ionizing carbon 1s and bromine 3d or chlorine 2p core orbitals. It was observed that the samples had many similar fragmentation path

Free will is widely thought to require (i) the possibility of acting otherwise and (ii) the making of choices that are intentionally endorsed, not just indeterministically picked. According to (i), a necessary condition for free will is agential-level indeterminism: at some points in time, an agent’s prior history admits more than one possible continuation. According to (ii), however, this indeter

Zhang S, Rahman M, Zhang S, Qi Z, Herwald H, Thorlacius H. Simvastatin regulates CXC chemokine formation in streptococcal M1 protein-induced neutrophil infiltration in the lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 300: L930-L939, 2011. First published March 25, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00422.2010.-Streptococcus pyogenes of the M1 serotype can cause streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and acute lung

In the context of limiting the environmental impact of transportation, this critical review discusses new directions which are being followed in the development of more predictive and more accurate detailed chemical kinetic models for the combustion of fuels. In the first part, the performance of current models, especially in terms of the prediction of pollutant formation, is evaluated. In the nex

Exosomes are small vesicles released from cells into extra-cellular space. We have isolated exosomes from neuroblastoma cells and investigated their influence on the aggregation of α-synuclein, a protein associated with Parkinson disease pathology. Using cryo-transmission electron microscopy of exosomes we found spherical unilamellar vesicles with a significant protein content, and Western blot an

ABSTRACT Background: A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (AQT) is a brief test that can identify cognitive impairment. AQT has been validated in Arabic, English, Greek, Japanese, Norwegian, Spanish, and Swedish. The aim of this study was to develop Italian criterion-referenced norms for AQT. Methods: AQT consists of three test plates where the patient shall rapidly name (1) the color of 40 blue, red,

In jawed vertebrates, development of an adaptive immune-system is essential for protection of the born organism against otherwise life-threatening pathogens. Myeloid cells of the innate immune system are formed early in development, whereas lymphopoiesis has been suggested to initiate much later, following emergence of definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Herein, we demonstrate that the emb

This paper studies contextual effects on fertility at the onset of fertility decline in Sweden. We argue that the community exerts an influence on fertility when individuals belonging to a certain community are more similar to one another (within-area) in their reproductive behaviour than individuals living in another community (between-area). Our hypotheses are that community had a strong influen

Abstract in UndeterminedA shift towards more energy-efficient light sources for outdoor lighting such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is underway. Photometric measures are not sufficient to capture how users experience the light, so complementary tools are required. This study aimed to develop an observer-based environmental assessment tool, based on bipolar semantic differentials, for outdoor lig

This article discusses the prospects and limitations of the scientific basis for offering personalized nutrition advice based upon individual genetic information. Two divergent scientific positions are presented, with an ethical comment. The crucial question is whether the current knowledge base is sufficiently strong for taking an ethically responsible decision to offer personalized nutrition adv

Complement C2 deficiency (C2D) is associated with immunological diseases and increased susceptibility to invasive infections caused by encapsulated bacteria such as Neisseria menigitidis. In this study we evaluate the immunogenicity of vaccination against N. menigitidis in C2D. C2D patients (n=22) and controls (n=52) were given a tetravalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Serum bactericidal

Abstract Objective: To describe how men and women experience their use of powered wheelchairs (PW) and powered scooters (PS) in everyday occupations, in the home and in society at large. Methods: A qualitative research approach with focus-group methodology was used. Four focus groups were created, with men and women as well as PW and PS users in different groups. Applying a descriptive approach, d

Begreppet vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet är av vikt för många verksamheter i svensk offentlig sektor. Läsaren av Läkartidningen vet att begreppet är undflyende och att tolkningarna av det varierar. Det har liknats vid en trollformel och kritiserats för att öppna för godtycke och skönsmässiga bedömningar. Värst utsatt är komponenten beprövad erfarenhet som ofta lyfts fram som särskilt svårdefini

Shakespeare’s Henry V and Richard III both practise mendacity, but while Henry V celebrates Henry’s capacity for deceit, the king’s lies are condemned in Richard III. The plays show how similar patterns of behaviour in early modern England could be represented as either virtuous or evil by means of rhetoric, while the similar behaviour of the two kings suggests a broad awareness of the necessity o

Measurements of water content profiles are of great interest in hydrology and soil science. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a well-established method for water content measurements; however, most TDR probe designs are suitable for measurements in only a small soil volume. In this article, a 1-m long TDR profiling probe with five measurement sections is described. Unlike most other previous prof