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Fresh and frozen spores of the microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema bombi were fixed using various fixatives at different times and temperatures. Paraformaldehyde and technical formaldehyde gave results comparable to or better than glutaraldehyde. Increased fixation temperature improved the fixation of spores from terrestrial hosts. Freezing did not destroy the cytology or the spore.
A steady state conjugate conduction-convection investigation is performed on vertical plate fin in which a small heat source is located. Heat from the fin surface is transferred to the surroundings by laminar natural convection. The governing equations for the problem are the heat conduction equation for the fin and the boundary layer equations, which are continuity, momentum and energy equations,
A short history of supportive therapy is delineated by the quadruple division in prehistory, definition, establishment and the phase of integration. Glimpses of the history of the development of the supportive concept are given. It is pointed out that the concept of supportive therapy is stemming from the awkward dichotomy from the ego-psychological paradigm in the psychoanalytic tradition: insigh
The sequence diversity of the entire mitochondrial control region (CR) of three meadow viper (Vipera ursinii) populations was analysed and compared to previously documented nuclear genetic variability at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class I loci. One of the populations, a small and inbred Hungarian population, exhibited no MHC polymorphism, whereas the two other, sampled from large v
Objective: There is growing evidence in the neuropsychological literature that growth hormone (GH) deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment. There is also evidence that this impairment may be ameliorated with GH replacement therapy. The current study assessed the nature and severity of cognitive impairment associated with growth hormone deficiency, as well as effect of GH replacement on
BACKGROUND: Earlier studies have found that transthyretin (TTR) is reduced in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with major depressive disorder and that levels correlate negatively with suicidal ideation. The purpose of this study was to examine CSF-TTR in a cohort of suicide attempters with different psychiatric diagnoses and to further assess the relationship between CSF-TTR and suicidal be
This paper presents finite element analyses of the tensile behaviour of elementary fibres of flax and hemp, focusing on the non-linear tensile behaviour of the fibres and the relationship between the stiffness and the diameter of the fibre. The non-linear tensile behaviour is modelled by introducing dislocations in the helical structure of the cellulose fibrils and assuming that the hemicellulose
BACKGROUND: Valid assessments of health-related Quality of Life (HRQL) are increasingly important in chronic, incurable conditions, such as chronic heart failure (CHF). AIMS: To evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) in hospitalized patients with decompensated CHF. METHOD AND RESULTS: The KCCQ and SF-36 were administered to
Sequential serum samples from four plasma donors (designated A, B, C, and D) at a Chinese blood bank with hepatitis C transmission problems were studied from 1994 to 1997. The samples were examined for antibodies to HCV, for HCV viremia by PCR and HCV genotyping. Co- and superinfections were studied by direct sequencing of the 5'-NCR, core, and HVR-1 regions, using low and high genotype-specific p
We propose a comprehensive protocol for the performance assessment of photon migration instruments. The protocol has been developed within the European Thematic Network MEDPHOT (optical methods for medical diagnosis and monitoring of diseases) and is based on five criteria: accuracy, linearity, noise, stability, and reproducibility. This protocol was applied to a total of 8 instruments with a set
Plants from a population of Scabiosa canescens, a locally rare species with a narrow ecological amplitude, were raised under uniform growth conditions to examine the phenotypic effects of one generation selfing and outcrossing. Particular attention was given to direct components of fitness (seedling biomass, rosette leaf number, head number, flower number per head), but two morphological character
We present a fast algorithm for the calculation of elastostatic fields in locally isotropic composites. The method uses an integral equation approach due to Sherman, combined with the fast multipole method and an adaptive quadrature technique. Accurate solutions can be obtained with inclusions of arbitrary shape at a cost roughly proportional to the number of points needed to resolve the interface
Abstract in UndeterminedThe amount of fat of a bird is a fundamental metric commonly used by avian biologists in studies of migration, winter energy management and condition. The methods used for estimating fat content range from simply measuring body mass and subtracting the estimated lean mass, visual scoring of subcutaneous fat deposits, to destructive extraction using a Soxhlet apparatus. We u
AIMS: To determine the basal pharmacokinetics, lung uptake and plasma cortisol suppression for two commonly prescribed inhaled corticosteroids. METHODS: Twenty-one subjects (13 healthy and 8 mild asthmatic patients) received fluticasone propionate via a chlorofluorocarbon-propelled pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) (healthy subjects only) and Diskus and budesonide via Turbuhaler, 1000 microg
PURPOSE: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is reported to reduce the frequency of seizures in children and adults without causing serious side effects. However, clinical observation of swallowing difficulties in 2 children treated with VNS made further investigation necessary. METHODS: Seven patients aged 4-18 years and treated with VNS for 6-14 months were investigated with videoradiography during ba
