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Whether monetary incentives to change behavior work and how they should be structured are fundamental economic questions. We overcome typical data limitations in a large-scale field experiment on vaccination (N = 5,324) with a unique combination of administrative and survey data. We find that guaranteed incentives of $20 increase uptake by 13 percentage points in the short run and 9 in the long ru
Local climate adaptation is constrained and steered along specific paths by various mechanisms, which together form a lock-in. The study focuses on Swedish local civil servants’ strategies to deal with climate adaption lock-ins and to what extent the strategies disrupt the lock-ins. Interviews were conducted with civil servants in six municipalities, complemented by inter-views at regional and nat
Purpose: To compare treatment utilisation for osteoarthritis (OA) and satisfaction with OA management between individuals with and without comorbid metabolic conditions (e.g., diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension). Methods: Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional international survey study (Italy, Russia, Sweden) on people ≥ 40 years old with knee/hip OA. Metabolic comorbidity was self-r
Competitive pressure is an important driving factor of corporate behavioural changes. Yet, it is still unclear how it influences corporate attitudes towards environmental challenges. In this study, we systematically analyse the sustainability behaviour of a global sample of publicly traded firms to examine if and how competitive pressure pushes firms to implement effective behavioural changes to r
Nowadays organisms encounter not only natural challenges from predators but also significant anthropogenic stressors, such as insecticides, which can profoundly disrupt their normal growth and behavior. However, the knowledge on their potential interactions remains largely unknown, particularly regarding how insecticides may affect predator-prey interactions and prey responses across multiple gene
AbstractThis study investigates the establishment and significance of United Nations (UN) Day, October 24, in Swedish primary and secondary schools from 1948 to 1963. This article conceptualizes the celebrations as knowledge rituals, educative events that foreground practices of knowledge-sharing, reinforcing social bonds and enhancing collective understanding. UN Day knowledge rituals combined ceThis study investigates the establishment and significance of United Nations (UN) Day, October 24, in Swedish primary and secondary schools from 1948 to 1963.This article conceptualizes the celebrations as knowledge rituals, educative events that foreground practices of knowledge-sharing, reinforcing social bonds and enhancing collective understanding. UN Day knowledge rituals combined ceremonial
Grain coarsening inhibition in hard metals is regarded as controlled by formation of interface complexions. To date, however, direct experimental insights into the presence and evolution of interface complexions during sintering of hard metals have been lacking. We here present in-situ small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments up to 1500 °C and provide first-hand evidence on the thickness
Background: Disease-modifying therapies targeting the diverse pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including neuroinflammation, represent potentially important and novel approaches. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity and has an established safety profile. Semaglutide may have a disease-modifying, neuroprotec
Season of birth, viral infections, HLA haplogenotypes and non-HLA variants are implicated in the development of celiac disease and celiac disease autoimmunity, suggesting a combined role of genes and environmental exposures. The aim of the study was to further decipher the biological pathways conveying the season of birth effect in celiac disease autoimmunity to gain novel insights into the early
There is an increasing need for new biomarkers to improve prediction of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to identify blood-based epigenetic biomarkers associated with incident CKD and develop a methylation risk score (MRS) predicting CKD in individuals with newly diagnosed T2D. DNA methylation was analyzed epigenome wide in blood from 487 individuals
X-ray methods can offer unique insights into the structural and electronic properties of nanomaterials. Recent years have seen a dramatic improvement in both x-ray sources and x-ray optics, providing unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. These developments are particularly useful for nanowires, which are inherently small and give weak signals. This review gives an overview of how different x-r
The coronavirus pandemic is a health crisìs that has turned into an economic crisis due to the rigid lockdown regimes imposed by many countries. As a result, governments and central banks have taken action to limit the negative economicconsequences of the lockdown measures. Government debts have skyrocketed, and the money supply has expanded at an unprecedented scale. This raises the question: was
Background: Although delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) is universally recommended, implementation has been difficult in caesarean deliveries. The study objective was to test if extra-uterine placental transfusion (delivering the placenta before cord clamping) to facilitate intact-cord stabilisation could be a feasible and safe alternative to DCC (≥ 1 min) for moderately preterm to term infants
Our aim was to establish an effective method for protein extraction from freshly frozen human peripheral nerves, determine the minimum amount required for consistent protein extraction outcomes, and assess which method produced the highest number of protein identities. Five extraction methods were compared using 8 M urea and Ripa buffer using either the Bullet Blender or Bioruptor. Out of the tota
Background: The success of selecting high risk or early-stage Alzheimer’s disease individuals for the delivery of clinical trials depends on the design and the appropriate recruitment of participants. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) show potential for identifying individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our study comprehensively examines AD PRS utility using various methods and models. Method
Many plants have precise pollen placement strategies, ensuring that large amounts of pollen are deposited on small and discrete areas of pollinators' bodies. This may lead to male–male competition if pre-existing pollen (1) is smothered or displaced by pollen from subsequent male flowers or (2) prevents subsequent pollen from attaching to pollinators. We investigated these alternative hypotheses u
Introduction: The physical activity health paradox refers to the contrasting associations of leisure-time physical activity and occupational physical activity with cardiovascular disease, but whether this applies to Type 2 diabetes risk is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the physical activity health paradox and age-specific Type 2 diabetes. Methods: Working adults (N=5,866) in Denmark age
