Despite an observable trend in reducing the number of layers in core and metropolitan area networks, still the optimal design of multi-layer networks (like IP over WDM) remains a important issue as a means to reduce CAPEX and OPEX. In multi-layer networks, usually a connection oriented transport network (like WDM) is used to deploy a layout for optimal transport of traffic. In today's networks, th

Abstract not available.

Idag utvecklas så mycket kunskap genom en strid ström av korta forskningsprojekt att det långvariga börjar höra till ovanligheterna. Just därför har vi stannat till inför det i dag 7-åriga samspelet mellan Tryckolera och Certec. Även det var ursprungligen ett tidsavgränsat projekt. Vad är det som har gett det en sådan bärkraft genom åren? Svaret överraskade oss själva: uthålligheten har uppkommit

BACKGROUND: Acute surgery in the management of malignant colonic obstruction is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The use of self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) is an alternative method of decompressing colonic obstruction. SEMS may allow time to optimize the patient and to perform preoperative staging, converting acute surgery into elective. SEMS is also proposed as palliative treatmen

The use of this material under current use conditions is supported by the existing information. This material was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity, skin sensitization potential, as well as, environmental safety. Reproductive toxicity was based on the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC)

Raised plasma levels of the soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) have been associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Whether suPAR is associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) is largely unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between suPAR and incidence of VTE in a cohort study. suPAR was measured in 5,203 subjects

The Cochrun-Grabel (C-G) method, an algorithm for finding the characteristic polynomial of a circuit containing reactances, has so far been restricted to circuits not employing mutual inductances. In this paper we present an intuitive, yet rigorous, proof of the Cochrun-Grabel method for a general RLC circuit, and we extend the method to allow the analysis of an RLC circuit containing mutual induc

Background: This study investigates the use of requests for clarification in conversations between teenagers with a cochlear implant (CI) and hearing peers. So far very few studies have focused on conversational abilities in children with CI. Aims: The aim was to explore co-construction of dialogue in a referential communication task and the participation of the teenagers with CI in comparison wit

BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia is usually characterized by a reduction in local blood flow and metabolism and by disruption of the blood-brain barrier in the infarct region. The formation of oedema and opening of the blood-brain barrier in stroke is associated with enhanced expression of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). RESULTS: Here, we found an inf

Krönika om seriemördare i kriminaljournalistik och i populärkultur med anledning av fallet Thomas Quick

There is ample evidence for intra-patient evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) biological phenotype during the pathogenic process. Evolution often involves switch of coreceptor use from CCR5 to CXCR4, but change to more flexible use of CCR5 occurs over time even in patients with maintained CCR5 use. The increasing use of entry inhibitors in the clinic, often specific for on

Better understanding of the impacts of an incident may help analysts to design more appropriate incident management strategies. Very little is known to date about the usefulness of applying data mining in traffic and transport related research, although data mining has contributed its usefulness significantly in other fields. This research is intended to discover the relationship between motor veh