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Chronic neural interfaces that are able to record or stimulate neurons in the CNS are valuable instruments in use today and they hold great promise for the future both within neuroscience research and in the clinic. However, a major obstacle is that they show a decline in performance over time. Many different approaches to improve the interface designs are gradually evaluated in hope of overcoming
Background: Reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42) reflects the presence of amyloidopathy in brains of subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective: To qualify the use of Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 for improvement of standard operating procedures (SOP) for measurement of CSF Aβ with a focus on CSF collection, storage, and analysis. Methods: Euroimmun ELISAs for CSF Aβ is
The turnover of albumin is increased in both peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) due to increased external losses, normally leading to compensatory increases in the hepatic albumin synthesis. The normal rate of albumin synthesis is on the order of 12 g/day corresponding to an equally large albumin fractional catabolic rate of ~4% daily. Most albumin catabolism is assumed to occur in the
Background: It has previously been demonstrated that orthogonal P-wave morphology in healthy athletes does not depend on atrial size, but the possible impact of left atrial orientation on P-wave morphology remains unknown. In this study, we investigated if left atrial transverse orientation affects P-wave morphology in different populations. Methods: Forty-seven patients with atrial fibrillation,
The European Hematology Association (EHA) Roadmap for European Hematology Research highlights major achievements in diagnosis and treatment of blood disorders and identifies the greatest unmet clinical and scientific needs in those areas to enable better funded, more focused European hematology research. Initiated by the EHA, around 300 experts contributed to the consensus document, which will hel
Background: Teachers are at high risk of stress-related disorders. This study aimed to examine the occurrence of burnout in a sample of Swedish school-teachers, to test a combined measure of three burnout dimensions on the individual level, to characterize associations between burnout and factors encountered during work and leisure time, and to explore any differences between the genders. Methods:
Background: Day centres can prepare for open-market employment, and attendees’ work motivation is key in this. Aims: Adopting a gender perspective, this study investigated (1) motivation for day centre attendance, satisfaction with the day centre services, number of hours spent there, and number and type of occupations performed; and (2) whether those factors were related with motivation for open-
Objective. Our aim was to study the risk of a first ischaemic stroke (IS) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) treated in primary healthcare. Design. The study population included all adults (n = 11,517), 45 years and older diagnosed with AF, from 75 primary care centres in Sweden between 2001 and 2007. IS was defined as a hospital care event of stroke between 2001 and 2010. Association betwe
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate effects on perceived exertion, work ability self-reported neck pain and clinically diagnosed conditions in the neck, of an intervention with prismatic spectacles among dental personnel. Methods: In this cohort study a baseline questionnaire including questions about frequency of neck pain, perceived exertion during work and background informatio
Background: Knowledge about social determinants of health has influenced global health strategies, including early childhood interventions. Some psychosocial circumstances - such as poverty, parental mental health problems, abuse and partner violence - increase the risk of child maltreatment and neglect. Healthcare professionals' awareness of psychosocial issues is of special interest, since they
Cancer genome sequencing has shed light on the underlying genetic aberrations that drive tumorigenesis. However, current sequencing-based strategies, which focus on a single tumor biopsy, fail to take into account intratumoral heterogeneity. To address this challenge and elucidate the evolutionary history of melanoma, we performed whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing of 41 multiple melanoma bi
Hypoxia and acidosis are inherent stress factors of the tumor microenvironment and have been linked to increased tumor aggressiveness and treatment resistance. Molecules involved in the adaptive mechanisms that drive stress-induced disease progression constitute interesting candidates of therapeutic intervention. Here, we provide evidence of a novel role of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in
This paper explores monarchies through a corporate branding lens. It is based on extensive field interviewing of individuals with knowledge and experience in what we (not they) term “managing the Crown as a brand,” including senior members of the Swedish Royal Court and the Swedish Royal Family. It also draws from literature regarding monarchies across a range of disciplines beyond management; we
OBJECTIVES: To study attitudes regarding possible inheritance of prostate cancer among sons of men with prostate cancer.METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to 69 men with prostate cancer and their 101 unaffected sons. All participants were also interviewed by telephone. Sociodemographic data were collected, as were data about the fathers' disease.RESULTS: The response rate was high; 100 sons (99%) a
The human genome contains a large variety of sequences related to the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV). We have investigated the range of expression of human endogenous retroviral sequences (HERVs) related to MMTV (human MMTV-like; HML) as RNA in 60 breast cancers, 8 nonmalignant breast tissues, and 9 placentas. This was monitored using HML group-specific oligonucleotide probes in hybridizations t
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations confer increased risk for development of breast cancer, but a number of additional, currently largely unknown, somatic genetic defects must also accumulate in the breast epithelial cells before malignancy develops. To evaluate the nature of these additional somatic genetic defects, we performed a genome-wide survey by comparative genomic hybridization on breast cancers fr
BRCA1 mutations, although implicated in disease predisposition in a major part of the hereditary breast cancer population, do not seem to be crucially involved in tumorigenesis of sporadic breast and ovarian cancers. This suggests that tumours arising in BRCA1 mutation carriers may differ from BRCA1 negative hereditary and sporadic cancer in genetic and biological features, as well as in clinical
BACKGROUND: There is a worldwide increase in the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) among whites. In Sweden, a five-fold increase has been recorded since 1960, although the increase in mortality rate is substantially lower. Tumor thickness is recognized as the most important histologic prognostic factor for primary melanoma. In a previous study, the authors did not find any significan
