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Context: After an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, a majority of patients have a traumatic bone marrow lesion (BML, or bone bruise). The clinical relevance of posttraumatic lesions remains unclear. Objective: To explore the cross-sectional associations between traumatic BML volume and self-reported knee pain and symptoms among individuals within 4 weeks of ACL injury. Design: Cross-section
Introduction: The current study aimed to investigate the responses to block- versus evenly-distributed high-intensity interval training (HIT) within a polarized microcycle. Methods: Twenty well-trained junior cross-country skiers (10 males, age 17.6 ± 1.5 and 10 females, age 17.3 ± 1.5) completed two, 3-week periods of training (EVEN and BLOCK) in a randomized, crossover-design study. In EVEN, 3 H
Background: Dietary fat composition can affect ectopic lipid accumulation and, thereby, insulin resistance. Diets that are high in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have different metabolic responses. Objective: We investigated whether the epigenome of human adipose tissue is affected differently by dietary fat composition and general overfeeding in a randomized t
Jordbruket har en stor miljöbelastning, men är också alltmer centralt för att finna lösningar på hållbarhetsproblem. Ett angreppssätt för ökad hållbarhet är politisk styrning och reglering. I avhandlingen analyserar jag några frivilliga marknadsbaserade regleringar: certifiering och rapportering. Detta är regleringar som involverar företag och konsumenter. Jag har undersökt hur några sådana initiaAgricultural businesses contribute to sustainability problems, but they are also increasingly central to the effort to develop solutions. One way of moving toward sustainability is through regulatory governance. In this thesis, I analyze a tool of regulatory governance called voluntary market-based regulatory initiatives. Specifically, I investigate two types of initiatives, certification and disc
Skogar täcker ca 31% av jordens landyta och lagrar stora mängder kol i biomassa och i marken. I klimatavtalet från Paris 2015 lyfts skogars roll som sänkor och reservoarer av kol fram och undertecknande länder uppmanas att implementera strategier för hållbart skogsbruk som ytterligare förstärker skogars roll som sänkor av växthusgaser. Ett aktivt skogsbruk påverkar klimat och miljö på många olika Forest ecosystems cover 31% of the terrestrial land area and store large amounts of carbon in biomass and in soils. The 2015 Paris Agreement recognizes the importance of sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in forests and the importance of enhancing them through sustainable forest management policies. Managing forests for climate mitigation purposes is, however, complex since management
Inom nuklearmedicinen utnyttjas radioaktiva läkemedel och strålningen som sänds ut från dessa för att diagnosticera och behandla ett flertal olika sjukdomar. Det radioaktiva läkemedlet ges ofta till patienten som en intravenös injektion, och läkemedlets egenskaper i kombination med patientens fysiologi och eventuella sjukdom avgör hur läkemedlet sedan fördelas, omsätts och utsöndras från kroppen. Many nuclear medicine investigations rely on gamma-camera imaging to study and quantify the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals or radionuclides in the patient as a function of time. This is typically used for diagnostic studies of physiological functions or for calculation of absorbed doses following radionuclide therapy. In this work, computational patient models (phantoms) have been developed
Background and aims: TCF7L2 is both an activator and an inhibitor of transcription and the most highly associated type 2 diabetes gene known to date. It influences beta cell survival and function, i.e. incretin hormonal effects, insulin processing and secretion. However, its target genes in pancreatic islets are not fully described and the molecular mechanism whereby it propagates its effects on i
Background: The solute carrier family 30 member 8 gene (SLC30A8) encodes a zinc transporter in the pancreatic beta cells and the major C-allele of a missense variant (rs13266634; C/T; R325W) in SLC30A8 is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that the association between zinc intake and T2D may be modified by the SLC30A8 genotype. Results: We carried out a pro
Background: Combinations of multiple fatty acids may influence cardiometabolic risk more than single fatty acids. The association of a combination of fatty acids with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) has not been evaluated. Methods and findings: We measured plasma phospholipid fatty acids by gas chromatography in 27,296 adults, including 12,132 incident cases of T2D, over the follow-up period betwee
Aims/hypothesis: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major dietary contributor to fructose intake. A molecular pathway involving the carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) and the metabolic hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) may influence sugar metabolism and, thereby, contribute to fructose-induced metabolic disease. We hypothesise that common variants in 11 genes in
The prognostic importance of tumor-specific nuclear insulin receptor (InsR) expression in breast cancer is unclear, while membrane and cytoplasmic localization of InsR is better characterized. The insulin signaling network is influenced by obesity and may interact with the estrogen receptor a (ERα) signaling. The purpose was to investigate the interplay between nuclear InsR, ER, body mass index (B
Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that individual circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are heterogeneous in their associations with cardio-metabolic diseases, but evidence about associations of SFAs with metabolic markers of different pathogenic pathways is limited. We aimed to examine the associations between plasma phospholipid SFAs and the metabolic markers of lipid, hepatic, glyca
Trafficking for sexual purposes means that a person is being transported under slavery-like conditions from one place to another, this due to violence, misguidance or abuse, in order to later be abused sexually. Despite that article 4 in the UN declaration of human rights forbids slavery and slave trade, millions of women and children are seen as trade products and are forced into prostitution. In
ABSTRACT Title Competetive advantages through slow fashion – A study of a new fashionconcept Level Bachelor Institution Service management, Campus Helsingborg – Lunds universitet Authors Malin Furumalm, Sara Rydberg, Olivia Swanstein Instructors Carl R Hellberg, Jan E Persson Problem discussion Since there are several actors who choose to describe the concept in different ways, a problem concernin
Issuing a letter of intent often involves an initial step toward a contract, contemplating that a contract will be entered in the future. Agreements with the same meaning go under a variety of names. In the field of banking and finance a preliminary agreement is often referred to as a Commitment Letter. Traditionally, a letter of intent is a preliminary agreement without legal effects. However, so
Environmental Assessment is an assessment of the likely effects a project might have on the environment. The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision-makers consider environmental impacts before deciding whether to grant permission to new projects. The method originated in the United States in the 1960s and it can be defined as the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mit
När man i juridisk doktrin talar om inomobligatoriskt skadeståndsansvar åsyftas det skadeståndsansvar som drabbar part i ett avtalsförhållande. Den uppkomna skadan i dessa situationer är oftast ren förmögenhetsskada med vad menas sådan ekonomisk skada som uppkommit utan samband med person- eller sakskada. Huvudregeln i svensk skadeståndsrätt är att ren förmögenhetsskada leder till skadestånd endasIf one of the parties to a contract does not fulfill his contractual promise, or has given information to the other party that he will not perform as mentioned in the contract, he is said to breach the contract. With that a breach of contract is a legal cause of action in which a contract is not honored by one of the parties. Most of the time ones breach of contract leads to an economic loss for
