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Context: Androgens are associated with metabolic risk factors in men. However, the independent impact of androgens and androgen metabolites on metabolic risk factors in men is unclear. Objective: Our objective was to determine the predictive value of serum levels of androgens and glucuronidated androgen metabolites for metabolic risk factors. Design and Study Subjects: We conducted a population-ba

Objective-The immunoinflammatory response plays a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Recent studies suggested an important role for regulatory T (Treg) cells in the inhibition of disease-related vascular inflammation. We hypothesized that induction of a specific Treg cell response to atherosclerosis-relevant antigens would be an attractive strategy to limit the de

Insulin is secreted from the pancreatic β-cells in response to elevated glucose. In intact islets the capacity for insulin release is determined by a complex interplay between different cell types. This has made it difficult to specifically assess the role of β-cell defects to the insulin secretory impairment in type 2 diabetes. Here we describe a new approach, based on optogenetics, that enables

AIMS: Induction of iNOS in pancreatic islets leads to exaggerated NO production associated with dysfunctional β-cells. We examined insulin secretion, iNOS expression and its relation to the cAMP system in islets from human type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Insulin, glucagon and cAMP were analyzed by RIA; iNOS or PDE expression by qPCR, Western blot and confocal microscopy; cell viability by MTS. RESU

Aims/hypothesis Minimal model analysis for insulin sensitivity has been validated against the glucose clamp and is an accepted method for estimating insulin sensitivity from IVGTT. However minimal model analysis requires a 3 h test and relevant expertise to run the mathematical model. The aim of this study was to suggest a simple predictor of minimal model analysis index using only 1 h IVGTT. Meth

The sex pheromone of the cloaked pug moth, Eupithecia abietaria Götze, an important cone-feeding pest in spruce seed orchards in Europe, was investigated. Chemical and electrophysiological analyses of pheromone gland extracts of female moths and analogous analyses of synthetic hydrocarbons and epoxides of chain length C19 and C21 revealed (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene (3Z,6Z,9Z-19:H) and 3Z,6Z-c

Telychian to Sheinwoodian conodonts (Pterospathodus eopennatus ssp. n. 1 Zone through the Ozarkodina sagitta rhenana Superzone) were studied in detail for their oxygen isotope composition. The Upper Kockelella ranuliformis and Ozarkodina sagitta rhenana Zones represent the peak interval of the Sheinwoodian positive δ18Oapatite excursion reflecting the coolest conditions with marine sea–water tempe

Aims/hypothesis The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle intervention successfully achieved its goal of increasing leisure physical activity levels. This current study examines whether the lifestyle intervention also changed time spent being sedentary and the impact of sedentary time on diabetes development in this cohort. Methods 3,232 DPP participants provided baseline data. Sedentary beh

Human genetics is a powerful tool for discovering causal mediators of human disease and physiology. Cardiovascular diseases with late onset in the lifecourse have historically not been considered genetic diseases, but in recent years the contribution of a heritable factor has been established. More importantly, over the last decade genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many loci

Background: Previous studies showing a strong relationship between Cheyne-Stokes respiration and the severity of left ventricular systolic dysfunction have usually been done in selected patient populations with lower age and a higher proportion of males than the "typical" in-hospital patient with heart failure. The purpose of the present study was test the strength of this relationship in unselect

High latitude wetlands play an important role for the surface-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), but fluxes of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) in these ecosystems have to date not been extensively studied. This is despite BVOC representing a measurable proportion of the total gaseous C fluxes at northern locations and in the face of the high temperature sensi

Flow cytometry, morphometry and molecular markers [plastid DNA and internal transcribed spacers(ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA] were used to determine taxonomic and phylogeographic patterns in Dactylorhiza maculata s.l. from Scandinavia. A total of 238 individuals from 27 populations from throughout all of Scandinavia, including the adjacent Kola Peninsula of Russia, were analyzed. Diploid D. macul

Disturbance of ecosystems is a major factor in regional carbon budgets, and it is believed to be partly responsible for the large inter-annual variability of the terrestrial part of the carbon balance. Forest fires have so far been considered as the most important disturbance but also other forms of disturbance such as insect outbreaks or wind-throw might contribute significantly to the largely un

Background As musculoskeletal disorders are common in general populations and they therefore constitute a heavy burden to society, the identification of their determinants is important. The aim of this study was to identify dose-response associations for location-specific prevalences of musculoskeletal disorders with various physical exposures and psychosocial factors in a large group of workers.