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Background: Nonmedical prescription drug use (NMPDU) refers to the self-treatment of a medical condition using medication without a prescriber's authorization as well as use to achieve euphoric states. This article reports data from a cross-national investigation of NMPDU in five European Countries, with the aim to understand the prevalence and characteristics of those engaging in NMPDU across the

Introduction: Lymphoedema may cause complex problems that can strongly influence patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of lymphoedema on HRQoL in patients with varying forms of lymphoedema. Methods: The Lymphoedema Quality of Life Inventory (LyQLI), measuring three domains, physical, psychosocial and practical, and the Short

BACKGROUND: Older people have a greater disease burden and are more likely than younger to be prescribed medications. They are also more sensitive to adverse effects. With this in mind, a range of medications have been suggested inappropriate in this population. People with intellectual disability (ID) have a higher disease burden than the general population, putting them at even greater risk of p

Limestone samples from the Cambro-Ordovician Durness Group were crushed, aciddigested and searched for evidence of micrometeorites. Eleven melted micrometeorites were extracted from the magnetic fraction of samples from the Balnakeil and Croisaphuill formations near the top of the group. Other formations in the Durness Group did not yield micrometeorites. Only melted spherules with a distinctive d

Background Late blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans) is a devastating potato disease that has been found to occur earlier in the season over the last decades in Fennoscandia. Up until now the reasons for this change have not been investigated. Possible explanations for this change are climate alterations, changes in potato production or changes in pathogen biology, such as increased fitness o

Purpose: Nationwide data have been lacking on drug abuse (DA)-associated mortality. We do not know the degree to which this excess mortality results from the characteristics of drug-abusing individuals or from the effects of DA itself. Method: DA was assessed from medical, criminal, and prescribed drug registries. Relative pairs discordant for DA were obtained from the Multi-Generation and Twin Re

Förevarande arbete syftar till att ur rättsäkerhetssynpunkt granska rättsreglerna beträffande intagningsförfarandet vid psykiatrisk tvångsvård enligt lagen (1991:1128) om psykiatrisk tvångsvård (LPT). Därvid kommer särskild fokus att riktas mot läkarnas rättsliga ställning. För att uppnå syftet undersöks rättsäkerhetsbegreppet och gällande rätt rörande beslut om tvångsvård. Rättsäkerhetsperspektiv

I denna uppsats undersöks om en abonnent kan aktualiseras för medhjälp när ett upphovsrättsintrång är identifierat på dennes internetanslutning. Fildelning förekommer i stor utsträckning i samhället och det finns ingen tydlig vägledning om medhjälp kan aktualiseras för en enskild abonnent. Det är därför av betydelse att undersöka denna fråga. Uppsatsen förklarar upphovsrätten och det straffrättsThis essay analyze if a subscriber of an Internet connection can be sentenced for complicity when a copyright infringement is identified on the subscribers internet connection. Filesharing occurs in a larg extent in the society and there is no clear supervision in the matter. It is therefore a great significant to investigate this question. The essay explains the copyright and the criminal respon

The bacterial surface can be thought of as the interface where pathogenic bacteria encounter the human host. Interactions between bacterial surface proteins and human proteins are important determinants of the eventual outcome of infection. A bacterial protein, Protein F1, that binds the human plasma and connective tissue protein fibronectin, was found to reduce the virulence of Streptococcus pyog

Intracellular Ca²⁺ is a key regulator of vascular contractility, and thereby of blood perfusion and pressure. Ca²⁺ signals are essential also for cell migration, proliferation and regulation of numerous enzymes. Besides producing vascular contraction smooth muscle cells may also modulate to a synthetic phenotype and proliferate as an initial stage in the atherosclerotic proce

Glucocorticosteroids (GCS) are potent anti-inflammatory drugs, probably due to inhibitory effects on cytokine production. However, a small number of asthma patients seem GCS-resistant. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-2(IL-2) and IL-4, produced during allergic airway inflammation have been proposed to induce the resistance to GCS. IL-2 and IL-4 also induce GCS resistance in mononucl

The purpose of this thesis was to examine the role of growth factors and the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) system in human endometrial angiogenesis. Growth factors as well as progesterone increased expression of the main inhibitor of uPA (PAI-1) in primary cultures of endometrial stromal cells. EGF, TGF-beta1 and bFGF increased gene transcription whereas progesterone increased mRNA stabili