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Background & Aims Predniso(lo)ne, alone or in combination with azathioprine, is the standard-of-care (SOC) therapy for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). However, the SOC therapy is poorly tolerated or does not control disease activity in up to 20% of patients. We assessed the efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and tacrolimus as second-line therapy for patients with AIH. Methods We performed a r
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) play a central role in the mammalian nervous system. These receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are activated by the agonists acetylcholine and muscarine, and blocked by a variety of antagonists. Mammals have five mAChRs (m1-m5). In this study, we cloned two structurally related GPCRs from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, which,
This thesis presents applications of the Scheimpflug Lidar (S-Lidar) method. The technique has been applied to combustion diagnostics on a scale of several meters as well as fauna detection and monitoring over distances of kilometers. Lidar or laser radar is a remote sensing technique where backscattering of laser light is detected with range resolution along the direction of the laser beam. It is
Late Permian mass extinction (LPME) research has focused primarily on Tethyan sections because it is believed that these successions are more complete than those from other localities, and provide a more comprehensive record of the largest, most devastating extinction event in Earth history. The Kisejin section, a previously undocumented mid-Tethyan, Upper Permian-Lower Triassic succession located
The global carbon cycle experienced a major perturbation during the Permian-Triassic transition, reflected inter alia in a large increase in the vertical (shallow-to-deep) gradient of carbonate δ13C (δ13Ccarb) in Early Triassic seas. However, the effect of this perturbation on the vertical gradient of organic matter δ13C in seawater (δ13Corg) is less known to date. Here, we examine geographic and
The carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity, determined by pulse transit time (PTT) and distance, is a well-established measure of arterial stiffness and predicts adverse outcomes. However, its predictive value decreases with aging. To explore new risk indicator in the elderly, we investigated if the variation of carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity, registered as beat-to-beat variability of caro
English is widely recognized as the language of science, and English-language publications (ELPs) are rapidly increasing. It is often assumed that the number of non-ELPs is decreasing. This assumption contributes to the underuse of non-ELPs in conservation science, practice, and policy, especially at the international level. However, the number of conservation articles published in different langu
Accurate monitoring of glaciers’ extents and their dynamics is essential for improving our understanding of the impacts of climate and environmental changes in cold regions. The satellite-based Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) has been widely used for mapping snow cover and glaciers around the globe. However, mapping glaciers in snow-covered areas using existing indices remains a challengin
BACKGROUND: Endolichenic fungi are microbes that inhabit the thalli of lichens and produce various unique chemicals that can be used for pharmaceutical purposes.PURPOSE: This study screened a library of endolichenic fungal extracts to identify novel anticancer agents capable of suppressing the tumorigenicity of human cancer cells.METHODS: Active compounds were isolated from extracts of endolicheni
The first authoritative overview of tourism studies published post-COVID-19 The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Tourism remains a definitive reference in this interdisciplinary field. Edited and authored by leading scholars from around the world, this state-of-the-art volume provides a comprehensive critical overview of tourism studies across the social sciences. In-depth yet accessible chapters comb
This research and policy brief focuses on conflict and displacement as key factorscontributing to statelessness and barriers to acquiring and holding Myanmar citizenship. The brief is designed as a working document for discussing important issues relevant for local governance during the revolution and national and state-level governance in the future. To aid in these conversations and policy devel
