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The escape process from the native valley for proteins subjected to a constant stretching force is examined using a model for a beta barrel. For a wide range of forces, the unfolding dynamics can be treated as one-dimensional diffusion, parametrized in terms of the end-to-end distance. In particular, the escape times can be evaluated as first passage times for a Brownian particle moving on the pro
Memory T cells present a unique challenge in transplantation. Although memory T cells express robust immune responses to invading pathogens. they may be resistant to the effects of immunosuppressive therapies used to prolong graft survival. In previous studies, we found that compound K. the synthesized analogue of highly unsaturated fatty acids from Isatis tinctoria L., reduced acute cardiac allog
In this Monte Carlo simulation study we use mesoscopic modeling to show that beta-casein, an unstructured milk protein, adsorbs to surfaces not only due to direct electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions but also due to structural rearrangement and charge regulation due to proton uptake and release. beta-casein acts as an amphiphilic chameleon, changing properties according to the chemical envir
The sex pheromone of the cloaked pug moth, Eupithecia abietaria Götze, an important cone-feeding pest in spruce seed orchards in Europe, was investigated. Chemical and electrophysiological analyses of pheromone gland extracts of female moths and analogous analyses of synthetic hydrocarbons and epoxides of chain length C19 and C21 revealed (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene (3Z,6Z,9Z-19:H) and 3Z,6Z-c
Using basic ecological concepts, we introduce sperm ecology as a framework to stud sperm cells. First, we describe environmental effects on sperm and conclude that evolutionary and ecological research should not neglect the overwhelming evidence presented here (both in external and internal fertilizers and in terrestrial and aquatic habitats) that sperm function is altered by many environments, in
Radiative lifetimes of 7 odd and 11 even parity states of Tb I (Z = 65) have been measured by the time resolved laser induced fluorescence method (TR-LIF). Experimental data for 9 out of the 18 states are obtained for the first time. The radiative lifetimes presented in this study are in good agreement with previous TR-LIF experimental results but systematically shorter than those obtained by the
Twenty-three isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, five isolates of C. acutatum, two isolates of C. capsici and six isolates of C. boninense associated with anthracnose disease on coffee (Coffea spp.) in Vietnam were identified based on morphology and DNA analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear rDNA and a portion of mitochondria
Apomorphine as subcutaneous injections offers a valuable and effective treatment alternative for Parkinson patients with oral medication-resistant "off' phases. Its efficacy is stable during long-term therapy, with no signs of patient tolerance. Adverse events are usually mild. The best results are obtained with relatively young, active, and cognitively intact patients. Intermittent s.c. apomorphi
To evaluate the accuracy of different methods used to identify individuals with increased risk of developing coronal dental caries.
We describe an algorithm for improving subsequent parton shower emissions by full SU(3) color correlations in the framework of a dipole-type shower. As a proof of concept, we present results from the first implementation of such an algorithm for a final state shower. The corrections are found to be small for event shapes and jet rates but can be more significant for tailored observables.
Abstract in UndeterminedThe properties of the single-link multiple-input-multiple- output (MIMO) propagation channels have been analyzed in many studies based on extensive propagation measurements. In this letter, we extend the measurement-based analysis to dual-link MIMO propagation channels. Here, we examine interlink correlation by evaluating the correlation of eigenvectors obtained from multip
Accumulating studies, both in animals and human clinical trials with mesenchymal stroma cells (MSC) support the hypothesis of therapeutic effects of these cells in various disorders. However, despite success in immune-mediated disorders such as Crohns' disease, lung disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary disease (IPF) treated with MSC have so far no
Data from four soil profiles studied through pollen and macroscopic charcoal analyses were used to identify specific palynological assemblages associated with a traditional land-use system documented in the Eastern Ligurian Apennines (NW Italy) between the 18th and early 20th century, concerning a cyclical use of grey alder plots for temporary cultivations involving to the use of controlled fire.
The biogeography of speciation and what can be learned about the past mode of speciation from current biogeography of sister species are recurrent problems in evolution. We used a trait- and individual-based, eco-evolutionary model to simulate adaptive radiations and recorded the geographical overlap of species during and after evolutionary branching (speciation). We compared the spatial overlap a
Background: The forests of western Amazonia are known to be more dynamic that the better-studied forests of eastern Amazonia, but there has been no comprehensive description of the carbon cycle of a western Amazonian forest. Aims: We present the carbon budget of two forest plots in Tambopata in south-eastern Peru, western Amazonia. In particular, we present, for the first time, the seasonal variat
Most stars form in some sort of stellar cluster or association. In such environments the number density of stars is much higher than in the solar neighbourhood, which means that close encounters between stars may be relatively common. Using numerical simulations we quantify the fraction of single stars in the solar neighbourhood that have never suffered a close encounter or been part of a binary s
Deadwood is a key indicator for assessing policy and management impacts on forest biodiversity. We developed an approach to include deadwood in the large-scale European Forest Information Scenario (EFISCEN) model and analysed impacts of intensifying forest biomass removal on the amount and type of deadwood in forests of 24 European Union member states. In EFISCEN, deadwood consists of standing and
Abstract Introduction: The prehospital emergency care has had a rapid progress in Sweden in terms of technology, treatments and personnel education demands. In the County of Skane there is at least one specialized nurse in every ambulance. Possible misuses of the resources by the public have been acknowledged. Aim: To investigate the public’s use, knowledge and expectations of the prehospital emer
