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We introduce a method to enable Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) to simulate from mixed continuous and discrete posterior distributions. In particular, we show how the "Gumbel Max Trick" and the Concrete (Gumbel-softmax) distribution can be used for constructing a continuous approximation of a categorical distribution, and how this distribution can be efficiently implemented for HMC. We also illustra
During the Last Glacial Period (LGP), Greenland experienced approximately 30 abrupt warming phases, known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events, followed by cooling back to baseline glacial conditions. Studies of mean climate change across warming transitions reveal indistinguishable phase offsets between shifts in temperature, dust, sea salt, accumulation, and moisture source, thus preventing a comp
Sociological approaches to culture are divided into interpretive, representational, and embodied perspectives, each grounded in distinct ontologies and causal logics derived from realism and interpretivism. This article aims to bridge embodied and representational approaches and their concomitant philosophies of science. It proposes a concept of meaning-making that unifies representational approacSociological approaches to culture are divided into interpretive, representational, and embodied perspectives, each grounded in distinct ontologies and causal logics derived from realism and interpretivism. This article aims to bridge embodied and representational approaches and their concomitant philosophies of science. It proposes a concept of meaning-making that unifies representational approac
Aquaglyceroporins are channels that facilitate the flux of glycerol and water across lipid bilayers. Although structural information is available for several aquaglyceroporins, the details of how water and glycerol selectivity are maintained and how protons are excluded remain elusive. An approach to obtaining data on the hydrogen atom positions is to apply neutron macromolecular crystallography.
Aims: More than 90% of patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction have LV dyssynchrony and a high probability of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). A subgroup of patients with non-specific intraventricular conduction delay (IVCD) have a LBBB-like LV activation pattern when studied using invasive mapping and advanced echocardi
The regional variety of actors is considered a key determinant in the last decade's rich literature on the geography of eco-innovation and green regional development. However, little is known about the extent to which regions differ in their specialization in new and established eco-innovation actors. In this article, we propose a regional typology based on green specializations concerning both in
Background and hypothesis: KDIGO recommends proteinuria <1 g/d as a treatment target in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) because of high risk of progression to kidney failure. However, long-term kidney outcomes in patients with low-grade proteinuria remain insufficiently studied. Methods: We enrolled patients with biopsy-proven primary IgAN from the Swedish Renal Registry and anal
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that integrate signals from their environment allowing them to direct situation-adapted immunity. Thereby they harbor great potential for being targeted in vaccination, autoimmunity, and cancer. Here, we use fate mapping, functional analyses, and comparative cross-species transcriptomics to show that RORγt+ DCs are a co
Background In congenital aortic stenosis (CAS), commissurotomy is an option in patients not suitable to receive a valve prosthesis. However, there is often a need for future additional interventions on the aortic valve. The fate of the aortic valve is, however, essentially unknown. This study reports the need for reinterventions after surgical commissurotomy, based on a national register. Material
Objectives: In SLE, anti-dsDNA can co-occur with autoantibodies against other chromatin components, like histones and nucleosomes. These antibodies induce type-1 interferon production, a hallmark of SLE. We measured ANA sub-specificities and investigated their associations to inflammatory biomarkers including interferon-regulated chemokines. Methods: We included 93 Sudanese and 480 Swedish SLE pat
This chapter outlines the opportunities and current developments of label-free separation of circulating tumor cell (CTC) from blood cells using acoustophoresis. It describes two platforms that have been developed to enable subsequent evaluation of acoustophoresis in clinical settings. All nucleated cells in suspension flow along a microchannel wherein the cells are exposed to an acoustic field. T
We study the Pauli operator in a 2-dimensional, connected domain with Neumann or Robin boundary condition. We prove a sharp lower bound on the number of negative eigenvalues reminiscent of the Aharonov-Casher formula. We apply this lower bound to obtain a new formula on the number of eigenvalues of the magnetic Neumann Laplacian in the semiclassical limit. Our approach relies on reduction to a bou
The system size dependence of strangeness production in high-energy collisions was studied using Run 2 data from the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The analysis examines the ratios of strange hadron yields to pion yields as a function of mid-rapidity charged particle multiplicity 〉dNch/dη〈|η|<0.5, offering insights into the mechanisms driving strangeness enhancement across different collision system
The quasiparticle wave function of a many-electron system is traditionally defined as the eigenfunction of the quasiparticle eigenvalue equation involving the self-energy. In this article a different concept of a quasiparticle wave function is derived from the general definition of the Green's function without reference to self-energy. The proposed quasiparticle wave function can decay in time, an
We introduce a novel method for extracting a fragmentation model directly from experimental data without requiring an explicit parametric form, called Histories and Observables for Monte-Carlo Event Reweighting (HOMER), consisting of three steps: the training of a classifier between simulation and data, the inference of single fragmentation weights, and the calculation of the weight for the full h
One of the main challenges as the market for fully commercial electrified vehicles quickly expands is predicting the electromagnetic interference (EMI) in traction voltage systems (TVSs) in differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM). The number of subsystems connected to vehicle TVSs is increasing, and thus, so are the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements. These requirements should ma
Attosecond microscopy aims to record electron movement on its natural length and time scale. It is a gateway to understanding the interaction of matter and light, the coupling between excitations in solids, and the resulting energy flow and decoherence behavior, but it demands simultaneous temporal and spatial resolution. Modern science has conquered these scales independently, with ultrafast ligh
