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The surface chemistry and thickness of the native oxide, hydroxide, and modified sub-surface layer of three Ni superalloys (alloy 59, 625, and 718) were determined by synchrotron X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray Reflectivity (XRR). Taking advantage of the synchrotron radiation techniques, a procedure for normalizing the photoelectron intensity was employed, which allowed for accura
Longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities are driven by monopole higher-order modes (HOMs) in the active and passive radio-frequency (rf) cavities at the MAX IV 3 GeV electron storage ring. By combining different beam and rf-based techniques, we have performed a systematic survey of the properties of these resonant modes as a function of cavity temperatures and fundamental mode frequency. This info
Two-dimensional halide perovskites (2D PVSKs) have drawn tremendous attentions owing to their outstanding ambient stability. However, the random orientation of layered crystals severely impedes the out-of-plane carrier transport and limits the solar cell performance. An in-depth understanding coupled with an effective control of the crystallization in 2D PVSKs is the crux for highly efficient and
In antiferromagnetic spintronics, the read-out of the staggered magnetization or Néel vector is the key obstacle to harnessing the ultra-fast dynamics and stability of antiferromagnets for novel devices. Here, we demonstrate strong exchange coupling of Mn2Au, a unique metallic antiferromagnet that exhibits Néel spin-orbit torques, with thin ferromagnetic Permalloy layers. This allows us to benefit
Periodic shadowing, a concept used in spectroscopy for stray light reduction, has been implemented to improve the temporal contrast of streak camera imaging. The capabilities of this technique are first proven by imaging elastically scattered picosecond laser pulses and are further applied to fluorescence lifetime imaging, where more accurate descriptions of fluorescence decay curves were observed
The search for new interactions and particles in high-energy collider physics relies on precise background predictions. This has led to many advances in combining precise fixed-order cross-section calculations with detailed event generator simulations. In recent years, fixed-order qcd calculations of inclusive cross sections at n3lo precision have emerged, followed by an impressive progress at pro
We construct a three-Higgs doublet model with a flavour non-universal U(1) × ℤ2 symmetry. That symmetry induces suppressed flavour-changing interactions mediated by neutral scalars. New scalars with masses below the TeV scale can still successfully negotiate the constraints arising from flavour data. Such a model can thus encourage direct searches for extra Higgs bosons in the future collider expe
Biomineralization is a crucial process whereby organisms produce mineralized tissues such as teeth for mastication, bones for support, and shells for protection. Mineralized tissues are composed of hierarchically organized hydroxyapatite crystals, with a limited capacity to regenerate when demineralized or damaged past a critical size. Thus, the development of protein‐based materials that act as a
A novel branched oxetane polyester having one or more oxetane groups is disclosed. Said branched oxetane polyester is the reaction product of at least one di, tri or polyhydric compound, at least one di, tri or polycarboxylic acid or an analogous alkyl ester, halide or anhydride, and at least one compound having at least one oxetane group and at least one hydroxyl group. Said di, tri or polyhydric
The carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity, determined by pulse transit time (PTT) and distance, is a well-established measure of arterial stiffness and predicts adverse outcomes. However, its predictive value decreases with aging. To explore new risk indicator in the elderly, we investigated if the variation of carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity, registered as beat-to-beat variability of caro
In this thesis degradation of chlorinated solvents, e.g., tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene [PCE]), has been examined, both natural occurring degradation and in situ remediation strategies. The projects included have focused on two field sites of former dry-cleaning facilities, which are contaminated with PCE in both the groundwater and the sediments. One site had only been exposed to natural d
This thesis is about the development of adjective use and meaning structures examined from a cognitive linguistic perspective. Adjectives modify nominal meanings and it is in context, in the interaction with the noun that the adjective meaning and configuration is determined. Nearly 13,000 adjective-noun combinations from texts written by Swedish students in grades 3, 5, 9, and 11/12 were analysed
Objectives: Simple decompression is an accepted surgical treatment of ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE). Our purpose was to evaluate the outcome and potential predictors for the outcome after simple decompression in UNE.Methods: All surgically treated UNE cases (from 2004-2008) at our department were studied retrospectively. Out of 285 primary surgeries, 242 primary simple ulnar nerve deco
Objectives: Knowledge is scarce about the outcome of revision surgery for recurrent or persistent ulnar nerve entrapmentat the elbow (UNE). We studied the outcome of subcutaneous (SCT) and submuscular (SMT) ulnar nerve transpositionsdue to UNE, analyzing both primary and revision surgeries, aiming to identify predictors for revision surgery.Methods: All surgically treated UNE cases (2004-2008) at
A central challenge for sustainable development is how societies are to avoid, minimize or address impacts from anthropogenic climate change. However, competing perspectives on “what should be sustained” lead to widely different understandings of what mitigation, adaptation and loss and damage entail and how best to approach them. We provide a novel conceptual and empirical comparison of two contr
Residual stress can be introduced unintentionally into the workpiece with various magnitudes and distributions through all manufacturing processes. These stresses have a significant effect upon the performance of the final component. Understanding the residual stress imparted by machining is an essential aspect of understanding the machining process and overall part quality. Although many investig
Thermochromic leuco dyes may be applied to textiles substrates to provide colour change when the temperature is raised. These materials have been used previously by designers in interesting ways, activated with a variety of heat sources. This paper presents the outcome of research developing a set of ‘design variables’ appropriate for textile designers, for use with thermochromic textiles when act
Rank and cardinality penalties are hard to handle in optimization frameworks due to non-convexity and discontinuity. Strong approximations have been a subject of intense study and numerous formulations have been proposed. Most of these can be described as separable, meaning that they apply a penalty to each element (or singular value) based on size, without considering the joint distribution. In t
