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Objective: This study was conducted to characterize the effects of vildagliptin on beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes and mild hyperglycemia. Design: A 52-wk double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study comparing vildagliptin (50 mg qd) and placebo was conducted in 306 patients with mild hyperglycemia (A1C = 6.2-7.5%). Plasma glucose and C-peptide levels were measured during sta

Designing decorrelated MIMO antennas in small mobile terminals at frequencies below 1 GHz is challenging since more than one antenna tend to excite the single resonant mode available to a typical chassis structure. This challenge increases even further when multiple frequency bands are required from each antenna. Recently, a design framework to obtain efficient and decorrelated MIMO antennas based

The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has performed a systematic study of K-S(0) and K*(0) meson production at midrapidity in p + p, d + Au, and Cu + Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The K-S(0) and K*(0) mesons are reconstructed via their K-S(0) -> pi(0)(-> gamma gamma) pi(0)(-> gamma gamma) and K*(0) -> K-+/-pi(-/+) decay modes, respectively. The measured transverse-m

The residence time distribution (RTD) approach was used to characterize the flow and mixing behavior of burners. This analysis consists of injecting an inert gaseous tracer into the feed and measuring its change in concentration at various detection points. The responses are then used to characterize the flow behavior and, thus, the local mixing in the space delimited by the injection and probe po

Biotic homogenization, a de facto symptom of a global biodiversity crisis, underscores the urgency of reforming water resources management to focus on the health and viability of ecosystems. Global population and economic growth, coupled with inadequate investment in maintenance of ecological systems, threaten to degrade environmental integrity and ecosystem services that support the global socioe

The starting point of this paper asserts that managers who elicit and select projects have a moral responsibility. Correspondingly, its purpose is to provide a means for project selectors to appreciate this responsibility so that it can be put into practice. A model of the moral responsibility involved in project selection is presented. This model combines a) an explication of responsibility into

A novel approach to implement and control electron injection into the accelerating phase of a laser wakefield accelerator is presented. It utilizes a wire, which is introduced into the flow of a supersonic gas jet creating shock waves and three regions of differing plasma electron density. If tailored appropriately, the laser plasma interaction takes place in three stages: Laser self-compression,

Techniques for interfacing the nervous system using chronically implanted electrodes are turning into invaluable tools for neurophysiological research and treatment of neurological disorders. These methods have been developed and refined over the last decades. However, they still suffer from deteriorating electrical capabilities and the fact that they inevitably damage the tissue into which they a

The formation of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) monolayers on Ni(111), Rh(111), and Pt(111) has been studied by a combination of x-ray emission, angle-resolved valence band photoemission, and x-ray absorption in search for interface-induced gap states of h-BN. A significant density of both occupied and unoccupied gap states with N 2p and B 2p characters is observed for h-BN/Ni(111), somewhat less

Swedish welfare policy has in several ways promoted the individual rather than the family as a unit. This is not a phenomenon happening only in Sweden, but one occurring in many other Western countries where individualization is strongly emphasized. Sweden is, however, interesting as an example of a country with deep collective roots regarding issues of welfare. The welfare state has been, and to

This article uses conceptual metaphor theory to develop the concept of ‘skeumorphs’ (reuse of old concepts for new phenomena) in order to analyse the Swedish The Pirate Bay court case. In line with conceptual metaphor theory, which states that abstract thinking is largely metaphorical, the article argues that this is true also for digital phenomena that, thus, are largely understood through metaph

Strength grading of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) side boards in the wet state was investigated. For a sample of 58 boards, density and dynamic modulus of elasticity in the axial direction, MOE_dyn, were determined in the wet state. The boards were then split into two parts and the procedure of determining MOE_dyn was repeated both before and after the boa

To evaluate potential long-term effects of climate change and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on subalpine ecosystems, the coupled biogeochemical and vegetation community competition model ForSAFE-Veg was applied to a site at the Loch Vale watershed of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Changes in climate and N deposition since 1900 resulted in pronounced changes in simulated plant specie

Inspired by biomolecular motors, as well as by theoretical concepts for chemically driven nanomotors, there is significant interest in constructing artificial molecular motors. One driving force is the opportunity to create well-controlled model systems that are simple enough to be modeled in detail. A remaining challenge is the fact that such models need to take into account processes on many dif

Recension av Alexandra Richie, Warsaw 1944 – the Fateful Uprising.

A perhydrolase, immobilized as a cross linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA), was employed to catalyze the in situ formation of peracetic acid (PAA) from ethylene glycol diacetate (EGDA) and hydrogen peroxide. The produced PAA was used for the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone, which afforded caprolactone in 63 % yield. The effect of type and amount of acyl donor, solvent, pH, temperature and ra