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Contracts traded on international financial and commodity markets are associated with complex risk structures. In this dissertation we are concerned with two specific types of risks; market risks and credit risks. The first chapter investigates market risks in the context of the Nordic electricity market. The paper performs in- and out-of-sample backtesting of a VaR model based on GARCH volatili
The vantage point for this thesis is the passport as it was understood and used in the European Union from 1999 to 2001, as a requirement to cross the external borders of the EU and as a symbol of a united Europe free from a spectacular nationalism of the member states. According to nationalism, every nation should have its own state, and every state should be legitimized by a nation. If the mode
The test free-electron laser (test-FEL) at MAX-lab in Lund demonstrated for the first time circularly polarized coherent femtosecond pulses at 66 nm wavelength. A 375 MeV electron bunch was seeded by a femtosecond laser at 263 nm and coherent harmonics were extracted in an APPLE-II type elliptical undulator. A thermionic gun with a barium oxide cathode was adapted for photocathode operation, and t
Diabetes affects enormous amounts of patients. In type 1 diabetes the insulin producing β cells in the islet of Langerhans are destroyed by the immune system. The β cells, which are located in the pancreas, regulate blood glucose levels. The lack of insulin production requires administration of insulin. This is accomplished by insulin injections. Even though the treatment methods have been improve
Precise spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression programs is a prerequisite for multicellular life. Since the discovery of DNA as the carrier of genetic information, a key question in biology has been how these hard coded instructions are read and regulated to maintain cellular and organismal homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms and processes governing gene and genome regulation are
The complex genetics of cancer allows tumors to grow and spread undeterred by the control mechanisms of the cell. The importance of protein-coding genes in tumorigenesis is well established. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerge as key regulator of development and cellular processes such as differentiation, cell growth and cell death; processes closely linked to cancer. The aim of this thesis w
The assembly of respiratory chain complexes in the mitochondrial inner membrane requires specific factors. Once assembled to form a mature functional complex, complex III (CIII) is a dimer consisting of two monomers, each with eleven subunits. To date, seven assembly factors for CIII are known, of which BCS1L incorporates the Rieske iron-sulfur protein (RISP) in the last stage of the assembly. The
Lean has become a popular organization model during the late 21st century, and it is widely spread through healthcare with high expectations of improvement and reorganization. The implementation of a certain policy is in the literature seen as a crucial step in policy realization. To better understand Lean and its adaptation to healthcare, this study examines how Lean is being implemented into Swe
Den offentliga diplomatin förändras i takt med kommunikationforskningens ständiga utveckling. Dock tenderar huvudfokus i akademiska studier om offentlig diplomati att beröra de statsvetenskapliga faktorerna snarare än de kommunikativa. Syftet med studien är att fördjupa kunskapen om de kommunikativa utmaningar som den offentliga diplomatin möter när gränserna mellan interna och externa publiker suPublic diplomacy is constantly developing in line with the ever-changing field of communications. The main focus of academic research in the field tends to gravitate towards the social sciences rather than the communication sciences. The aim of this study is to deepen the knowledge of the communicative challenges that public diplomacy is facing as the intersection between internal and external pub
Underrättelsetjänster genererar generellt ett stort intresse för allmänheten. En bidragande orsak kan vara för att det är svårt att få en insyn i en sådan verksamhet. Insynen till verksamheten behöver förbättras, eftersom medborgare i en demokrati behöver förstå vad en underrättelsetjänst sysslar med, samt att underrättelsetjänsten ska kunna verka med högt förtroende. Denna intervjustudie undersök
Detta är en undersökning av hur två tidningar som riktar sig till kvinnor konstruerar bilden av kvinnan. Analysen grundar sig på ett nummer av vardera tidningen (Femina Nr 9, september 2004 och amelia Nr 20, 16 september 2004) med fokus på ledarna och därtill en artikel som porträtterar en kvinna eller kvinnor. I Femina analyseras ledaren ?I kålrotens tecken? och artikeln om Marie Göranzon. I amel
