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Childhood and adolescent obesity: Multidisciplinary approaches in a clinical setting

BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents emphasizes the necessity to develop evidence-based treatment programs that are useful in a clinical setting. AIMS: The overall aim of the thesis was to develop and evaluate multidisciplinary approaches for management of children and adolescents with obesity. The focus was on generalizability of the treatment in a clinical setti

Nanofiltration of kraft black liquor : Process development and techno-economic evaluation

Kraft black liquor (KBL) is a side-stream that is produced during the kraft pulping process, and mainly contains lignin, hemicelluloses, and cooking chemicals, namely sodium hydroxide and sodium sulphide. KBL is usually evaporated and burned in a recovery boiler in order to recover the cooking chemicals and generate energy. However, pulp mills are sometimes limited by the capacity of their recover

Housing Matters for People with Parkinson´s disease. Accessibility, Meaning, Control and Activities of Daily Living

Parkinson´s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurological diseases with both motor and non-motor symptoms that can be perceived as difficult to control despite medical treatment. This leads to several consequences in everyday life for example difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL), sometimes already at diagnosis. Therefore, rehabilitation is important to manage the consequences of

Comparison of Group-Level and Individualized Brain Regions for Measuring Change in Longitudinal Tau Positron Emission Tomography in Alzheimer Disease

Importance: Longitudinal tau positron emission tomography (PET) is a relevant outcome in clinical trials evaluating disease-modifying therapies in Alzheimer disease (AD). A key unanswered question is whether the use of participant-specific (individualized) regions of interest (ROIs) is superior to conventional approaches where the same ROI (group-level) is used for each participant. Objective: To

Targeted proteomics identifies potential biomarkers of dysglycaemia, beta cell function and insulin sensitivity in Black African men and women

Aims/hypothesis: Using a targeted proteomics approach, we aimed to identify and validate circulating proteins associated with impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) and type 2 diabetes in a Black South African cohort. In addition, we assessed sex-specific associations between the validated proteins and pathophysiological pathways of type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included Black So

Recovery from Breast Cancer : Investigating the role of resilience in breast cancer survivorship

Bröstcancer är vanligt förekommande bland kvinnor, en av tio kvinnor får en bröstcancerdiagnos under sin livstid. Upplevelsen av bröstcancer är en komplex process, som innebär ett flertal sammanlänkade stressfulla händelser. Det är därför tydligt att sättet personen reagerar på sådana stressorer kan ha en betydande påverkan på både fysisk och psykisk hälsa. Resiliens är ett konstrukt som innefattaBreast cancer is a common event among women, one in ten women receiving a breast cancer diagnosis in their lifetime. The experience of breast cancer is a complex process that entails a multitude of interlinked potentially highly stressful events. It is thus evident that the manner in which one reacts to such stressors can have a substantial impact on both physical and mental health. Resilience is

Longer Interval Between First Colonoscopy With Negative Findings for Colorectal Cancer and Repeat Colonoscopy

IMPORTANCE: For individuals without a family history of colorectal cancer (CRC), colonoscopy screening every 10 years is recommended to reduce CRC incidence and mortality. However, debate exists about whether and for how long this 10-year interval could be safely expanded.OBJECTIVE: To assess how many years after a first colonoscopy with findings negative for CRC a second colonoscopy can be perfor

Data-driven subclassification of ANCA-associated vasculitis : model-based clustering of a federated international cohort

Background: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis is a heterogenous autoimmune disease. While traditionally stratified into two conditions, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), the subclassification of ANCA-associated vasculitis is subject to continued debate. Here we aim to identify phenotypically distinct subgroups and develop a da

Rates of Progression in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Depending on Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Concomitant Medications.

Background: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is associated with higher cholesterol levels, and an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities after initiation of amyloid-modifying therapies. A worse cognitive response to cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment and longitudinal outcome in APOE ε4-carriers has been observed. Based on these c

Liv I kyrkan (Life in the church) : Final Repprt

Målet med detta projekt var att studera hur tre församlingar i tre kyrkliga miljöer – Odarslövskyrka (Torns församling), Ignaberga nya kyrka (Hässleholms församling), och Östra Nöbbelövs kyrka (Simrishamns församling) i Lunds stift – skulle kunna utveckla sina kyrkliga miljöer för egen del och i samverkan för att öka tillgängligheten till de kyrkliga miljöerna och utveckla dem till meningsfulla anThe objective of this project was to study how three congregations/parishes in three church environments – Odarslövs kyrka (Torn’s parish), Ignaberga nya kyrka (Hässleholm’s parish), and Östra Nöbbelövs kyrka (Simrishamn’s parish) in the Diocese of Lund – could develop the church environments under their auspices in order to increase their accessibility and forms of meaningful use for members of t

Introducing the child and its parent(s): Child-teacher-parent relationship-building during preschool transition

Relationer med nära vuxna är viktiga för barns utveckling. Forskning om känslomässig trygghet, så kallad ”anknytning”, mellan barn och förälder har visat att hur föräldrar bemöter barnets behov av tröst och närhet inverkar på barnets sätt att hantera känslomässig stress och navigera sociala relationer. Även andra omsorgspersoner i ett barns vardagsliv kan bli anknytningsfigurer för barnet, såsom pCurrent child developmental research encourages a more systemic understanding of attachment-related relationship-building. As many young children spend a substantial part of their daily life in professional childcare, e.g., “preschool”, interactions with teachers at preschool are of particular interest in this respect. In bridging the developmentally important contexts of home and preschool for th

Photon time-of-flight and continuous-wave near-infrared-spectroscopy of human skeletal muscle tissue; a comparative study

The focus of this thesis is to perform a comparative study between two noninvasive optical techniques: Photon Time-of-flight Spectroscopy (pTOFS) and a Continuous-wave NIRS system for measuring muscle tissue oxygen saturation. INVOS 5100C (Manufactured in 2011, Serial Number 11-10269, Produced by Somanetics Troy, MI 48084 USA) is such a CW-NIRS system that provides tissue oxygenation using continu

Statusbedömning av befintliga byggnader – Med fokus på Energi, Extern miljöpåverkan och Utemiljö

Om inte statusen på Sveriges byggnadsbestånd förbättras kommer miljömålet ”God bebyggd miljö” inte kunna uppfyllas. Då miljömålet beaktar många aspekter måste ett holistiskt synsätt gälla vid genomförandet av åtgärder i byggnadsbeståndet. För att kunna göra detta måste en dialog föras kring viktiga aspekter på byggnadens samtliga områden mellan inblandade parter. Om en parameter ändras riskerar de

Neutralitet vid beskattning av förmåner? En jämförelse mellan fåmansaktiebolag och enskild näringsverksamhet

Syftet med denna uppsats är att analysera vissa skattefria och vissa skattepliktiga förmåner som utgått inom ramen för en näringsverksamhet. Undersökningen omfattar både förmåner i fåmansaktiebolag och i enskild näringsverksamhet. En frågeställning behandlar om de aktuella förmånerna beskattas likadant inom de två företagsformerna, och i förlängningen om förmånsbeskattningssystemet är neutralt utfThe purpose of this paper is to analyse certain non-taxable and certain taxable benefits provided within the confines of a business. The survey examines fringe benefits both within close companies and sole economic activities. One question deals with whether the benefits at hand are taxed equally in the two forms of enterprise, and by extension if neutrality prevails within the tax system of fring

Vilken betydelse har umgängessabotage vid vårdnadstvister?

Uppsatsens syfte är först och främst att besvara vilken betydelse domstolen tillerkänner umgängessabotage vid beslutande av vårdnad och hur en part som begår sabotage i slutändan kan tillerkännas ensam vårdnad, och vilka intressen som i så fall väger tyngre än sabotaget. Det är utifrån dessa frågeställningar som hela uppsatsens struktur är uppbyggd. Uppsatsen börjar med att redogöra relevanta lagrThe purpose of the essay is first and foremost to give answer to two questions, the first being how seriously the court views visitation sabotage in a custody battle, while deciding who should be awarded sole custody of the child. The second question is regarding the cases where the court decides to award custody to the guardian that does commit visitation sabotage and to get insight in what inter

Neutralitet mellan företagsformer – Om neutralitetsprincipens ställning och dess inverkan på det skattemässiga förhållandet mellan enskilda näringsidkare och fåmansföretag.

Utöver de rättsregler som framkommer i lagtext, förarbeten och praxis finns ett flertal principer som syftar att bidra till ett enhetligt och sammanhängande rättssystem. Dessa rättsprinciper kan ta formen av ett verktyg vid tolkning av lagstiftning såväl som ett centralt intresse att beakta vid utformandet av ny lagstiftning. En sedan länge erkänd och diskuterad rättsprincip är den skatterättsligaIn addition to legal rules as stated in the text of law, through legislative history and in legal precedents, there are a number of principles that aim to contribute to a uniform and coherent legal system. These legal principles can take the form of an instrument in the interpretation of legislation as well as a central interest to consider in the draftning of new legislation. A long-recognized an

Taking Climate into Account - Carbon Management Tools for Investment Decisions and Progress Tracking at an Energy Company

Background: Climate change is becoming a more urgent issue, where global agreements and regulations are putting pressure on companies to calculate and disclose their greenhouse gas emissions to combat the problem. Other driving forces of carbon disclosure for companies include social, economic, and financial pressure, as well as firm specific internal factors. Carbon calculations within companies

Parallellimport av läkemedel - Ompaketeringsundantaget och skyddet mot förfalskade läkemedel

Inom EU gäller en regional konsumtionsprincip. Denna innebär att varor som satts på marknaden i någon medlemsstat av varumärkeshavaren, eller någon med dennes samtycke, fritt får distribueras inom unionen, även av andra än den som äger rätten till varumärket. Detta möjliggör parallellimport. Parallellimport innebär att någon utan varumärkeshavarens samtycke köper varor i en medlemsstat i syfte attWithin the EU, a regional exhaustion principle applies. This means that goods placed on the market by the trademark owner, or by someone with the consent of the trademark owner, can be freely distributed by anyone within the Union. This allows for parallel importation. Parallel importation refers to a phenomenon where an undertaking buys goods in one Member State, without the consent of the tradem