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Manual cell counting is time consuming and requires a high degree of skill on behalf of the person performing the count. Here we use a technique that utilizes digital holography, allowing label-free and completely non-invasive cell counting directly in cell culture vessels with adherent viable cells. The images produced can provide both quantitative and qualitative phase information from a single

The production cost of cellulolytic enzymes is a major contributor to the high cost of ethanol production from lignocellulosics using enzymatic hydrolysis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cellulolytic enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C 30, which is known as a good cellulase secreting micro-organism, using willow as the carbon source. The willow, which is a fast-growi

Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) but genetic factors are of importance, since only a subset of smokers develops the disease. Sex differences have been suggested both in disease prevalence and response to environmental exposures. Furthermore, it has been shown that acquisition of 'addiction' to smoking is partly genetically mediated. Disease cases and

Abstract When a child is hospitalized, the parents find themselves in an unfamiliar environment and their parental role changes. They are in a stressful and often anxiety-filled situation and it may be difficult for them to participate in decisions. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which parents participate in decisions during the course of events when their child is hospital

As an attitude characterized by frustration, hopelessness, betrayal and disillusionment (Andersson, 1996; Wanous et al. 1994) employee cynicism or organizational cynicism could be considered a specific attitude of interest to the research of information system (IS) implementations. Today a broad literature body has emerged within the IS research community investigating the organizational consequen

This paper presents on-going research on the production of knowledge in contemporary professional digital encyclopaedias. By adopting a theoretical perspective that considers the interplay of humans, non-humans and practices at the same level, it develops further a socio-technical perspective on knowledge production. Methodologically, the project involves an ethnographic study staring from two edi

Most cellular telephones use numeric keypads, where texting is supported by dictionaries and frequency models. Given a key sequence, the entry system recognizes the matching words and proposes a rank-ordered list of candidates. The ranking quality is instrumental to an effective entry. This paper describes a new method to enhance entry that combines syntax and language models. We first investigat

Damage to the concrete surface can be observed at the waterline of hydraulic structures in fresh water bodies in cold climates. Gradual deterioration of the concrete surface leads to exposure of coarse aggregate. Superficial damage at the waterline is commonly assumed to be caused by drifting ice floes. However, deterioration of concrete at the waterline may also involve leaching and frost action.

Much debate has revolved around nutrient limitation in estuaries. A common view today is that nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) act as co-limiting nutrients, both for processes carried out by phytoplankton and by bacterioplankton, although recent studies show that also carbon (C) may control estuarine bacterioplankton, even in systems with large inputs of terrestrial organic matter (tOM). We conduct

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global pandemic. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified >100 genetic variants associated with the disease, including a common variant in the melatonin receptor 1 b gene (MTNR1B). Here, we demonstrate increased MTNR1B expression in human islets from risk G-allele carriers, which likely leads to a reduction in insulin release, increasing T2D risk. Accordin

Precision diabetes medicine, the optimisation of therapy using patient-level biomarker data, has stimulated enormous interest throughout society as it provides hope of more effective, less costly and safer ways of preventing, treating, and perhaps even curing the disease. While precision diabetes medicine is often framed in the context of pharmacotherapy, using biomarkers to personalise lifestyle

This study assessed mothers' and fathers' perception of their child's risk of getting type I diabetes (TID) during the first 2 years of their participation in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. TEDDY parents were informed of their child's increased genetic risk for Tl D at study inception. Parent perception of the child's risk was assessed at 3, 6, 15, and 27 mo

The marking of finiteness has long been known to differ between first language (L1) and adult second language (aL2) acquisition. Therefore this phenomenon is interesting in the study of whether child second language (cL2) acquisition proceeds like L1 or like aL2 (Meisel 2008), or perhaps in some way between the two. This is interesting for current discussions on differences due to the Age of Onset