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Popular Abstract in Swedish Människan lever inte bara själv, utan tillsammans med en mängd bakterier som lever i kroppen. Större delen av dessa lever i tjocktarmen. Dessa organismer är viktiga för vår hälsa. De stimulerar immunförsvaret, sänker pH i tarmen och gör det ogynnsamt för sjukdomsframkallande bakterier att växa till. Bakterierna lever i symbios med oss och med varandra. Förändringar i taThe human gut flora is important for our well-being. The gut bacteria are able to degrade and metabolize complex carbohydrates. Examples of such carbohydrates are β-mannans. β-Mannans consist of a backbone of β-1,4-linked mannose units and are present in e.g. the endosperm of legumes such as guar or carob. The composition of the β-mannan varies with the plant source. Carob and guar β-mannans are s

Long-term tobacco smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic bronchitis display an excessive accumulation of neutrophils in the airways; an inflammation that responds poorly to established therapy. Thus, there is a need to identify new molecular targets for the development of effective therapy. Here, we hypothesized that the neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin (IL)

Hemicelluloses account for 25-30% of total wood dry weight. Mannan-based polysaccharides are the major component of softwood hemicelluloses. They are characterized by their β-1,4-glycosidic linked backbone composed of mannose or a combination of mannose and glucose residues. The backbone can be substituted by α-1,6-linked galactose residues. β-mannanases cleave the internal β-1,4-glycosidic bonds

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of an estradiol (E2)–progesterone substitution protocol on the endometrial expression of estrogen-sensitive genes during the peri-implantation period. METHODS: Peripheral blood and endometrial biopsies were obtained from 13 infertile women both in a natural cycle (NC), on days 5 and 7 after ovulation (NC5, NC7), and in an artificial (sub

In this paper, design and measurements of a fully integrated power amplifier (PA) are presented. The PA consists of two amplifying chains each having a driver and a power stage. A low loss on chip power combiner combines the outputs from two amplifying chains, and also performs impedance transformation and differential to single-ended conversion. To linearize the PA, the driver stage is biased in

BACKGROUND: Subtelomeric regions are gene rich and deletions in these chromosomal segments have been demonstrated to account for approximately 2.5% of patients displaying mental retardation with or without association of dysmorphic features. However, cases that report de novo terminal deletions on chromosome arm 15q are rare. METHODS: In this study we present the first example of a detailed molecu