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The precise age of the Winneshiek Shale, a recently discovered Konservat-Lagerstätte located in a very unusual depositional setting inside the Decorah impact structure, has remained uncertain in the absence of biostratigraphically highly diagnostic fossils. This chemostratigraphical study, based on δ13Corg data from 36 drill core samples through the shale, shows that the age ranges from the upper
Ficolins are soluble molecules that bind carbohydrate present on the surface of microorganisms and function as recognition molecules in the lectin complement pathway. Three ficolins have been identified in humans: ficolin-1, ficolin-2, and ficolin-3. Ficolin-1 is synthesized in monocytes and type II alveolar epithelial cells. Ficolin-1 has been shown to be present in secretory granules of human ne
For a long time debate has taken place regarding the trends and extinction rates associated with the Cretaceous- Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction event on land. While mainly focussed on vertebrates and more especially non-avian dinosaurs, the dynamics of the plant cover remains nonetheless a major component for the understanding the biological response across the K-Pg interval and associated ecosy
Using a new concept—the law of the limit to land productivity—this article builds a three (physical, economic, and institutional) worlds’ land-use model with inverse logics of different development stages in a time perspective: before, in, and after the population trap. This model extends the span of the Malthusian population model to history after the Industrial Revolution and makes static proper
Since 2009, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) regime has seen the emergence of several new political groups. This article analyses how the new political groups are positioning themselves in relation to the key UNFCCC principles (the North–South divide and ‘common but differentiated responsibility and respective capabilities’, CBDR/ RC). Drawing on original data, in
Solar variability has been hypothesized to be a major driver of North Atlantic millennial-scale climate variations through the Holocene along with orbitally induced insolation change. However, another important climate driver, volcanic forcing has generally been underestimated prior to the past 2,500 years partly owing to the lack of proper proxy temperature records. Here, we reconstruct seasonall
The out of Africa hypothesis (OOAH) has been a mainstay in the discussion of human evolution since its presentation in the 1980's. However, recent advances in palaeontology and molecular genetics have made it possible to examine the hypothesis in a manner that was inconceivable at the time of its proposal. The palaeontological progress relates to early Homo finds in the Caucasus, Denisova finds in
Most question answering systems feature a step to predict an expected answer type given a question. Li and Roth \cite{li2002learning} proposed an oft-cited taxonomy to the categorize the answer types as well as an annotated data set. While offering a framework compatible with supervised learning, this method builds on a fixed and rigid model that has to be updated when the question-answering domai
This thesis deals with language mixing in 20th century Japanese jazz, particularly the use of English. There have been multiple studies conducted on the language mixing phenomenon in Japanese pop-music (J-pop), a popular genre in Japan today. The results showcase that English is frequently used in J-pop, both inter-sentential and intra-sentential code-switching. The use of English has also been sh
This thesis uses real data from the Bank of International Settlements to create financial networks for the interbank market using five different methods for network reconstruction. The goal is to analyze how defaults propagate to assess the importance of banks and to examine how the network’s structure affects the system’s vulnerability. By applying network theory, communicability theory, and the
Purpose: To investigate whether the issuance of green bonds has a positive impact on corporate value. Methodology: Utilizing a comprehensive dataset of 1684 non-financial A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2022, the study employs a multi-period difference-in-difference model, parallel testing, heterogeneity analysis, and mechanism testing. Tobin’s Q is used as dependent variable, post*treat is
The Arctic is a popular place to do research. Many countries fund scientific research projects in the region, and international scientists are a considerable part of the Arctic population. Knowledge and expertise about the Arctic is no longer restricted to the Arctic states. Less controversial than flag planting at the North Pole and test drilling for oil, scientists and research stations are ofte
