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Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige drabbas årligen så många som 100.000 personer av benbrott, höftfrakturer och sjukdomar, som kan kopplas till benskörhet. Under normalt åldrande ändras benets struktur och täthet vilket ökar risken för benbrott. Man vet att förändringarna förorsakas av förändringar i skelettets förmåga att ombildas. Under hela livet byts benvävnaden successivt ut och ersätts avDiffusion in bone is needed for bone remodeling and bone healing. Understanding the phenomenon is often important for comprehension bone diseases. Mathematical modeling of the diffusion processes is a required prerequisite in the study of this important physical process in living bone tissue. A proper model is crucial in order to obtain realistic results. An easily accessible method to measure the

This master thesis aims at improving vehicle positioning in high-speed movement scenarios where global navigation satellite system (GNSS) does not work well. The standard 802.11p, as one of the WiFi family members, it can support to share vehicle information between vehicle and vehicle or between vehicle and infrastructure in a high-speed movement environment. Without the help of GNSS, the vehicle

The problem of state estimation of a linear, dynamical state-space system where the output is subject to quantization is challenging and important in different areas of research, such as control systems, communications, and power systems. There are a number of methods and algorithms to deal with this state estimation problem. However, there is no consensus in the control and estimation community o

https://www.lu.se/studera/matematisk-statistik-olinjara-tidsserier-MASM12 - 2026-10-06

Land surface models have uncertainties due to their approximation of physical processes and the heterogeneity of the land surface. These can be compounded when key variables are inadequately represented. Land surface temperature (LST) is critical as it forms an integral component in the surface energy budget, water stress evaluation, fuel moisture derivation, and soil moisture-climate feedbacks. A

In this contribution, we suggest two proposals to achieve fast, real-time lane-keeping control for Autonomous Ground Vehicles (AGVs). The goal of lane-keeping is to orient and keep the vehicle within a given reference path using the front wheel steering angle as the control action for a specific longitudinal velocity. While nonlinear models can describe the lateral dynamics of the vehicle in an ac

Although many studies have been made for homogenous constant diffusion, bone is an inhomogeneous material. It has been suggested that bone porosity decreases from the inner boundaries to the outer boundaries of the long bones. The diffusivity of substances in the bone matrix is believed to increase as the bone porosity increases. In this study, an experimental set up is used where bovine bone samp

Owing to their millisecond-scale temporal resolution, magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) are well-suited tools to study dynamic functional connectivity between regions in the human brain. However, current techniques to estimate functional connectivity from MEG/EEG are based on a two-step approach; first, the MEG/EEG inverse problem is solved to estimate the source activi

The society of today relies heavily on transportation. Goods and people are transported across the globe at an unprecedented scale and volume and the internal combustion engine is an integral part of the world's transportation systems. Combustion engines emit greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming, one of the most serious global threats today. One of several ways to increase effici

System level synthesis is a promising approach that formulates structured optimal controller synthesis problems as convex problems. This work solves the distributed linear-quadratic regulator problem under communication constraints directly in infinite-dimensional space, without the finite-impulse response relaxation common in related work. Our method can also be used to construct optimal distribu

Heavy-duty vehicles of today consist of much electronics and many sensors. One of these sensors is a longitudinal accelerometer. This Master's thesis investigates the possibilities to determine the road slope angle with a longitudinal accelerometer. With the knowledge of current road slope angle, many other control systems in the trucks can be improved. The optimization of these control system

This paper is a comparative study of different approaches to using a Discrete Time Micro-structure model. By using the three filtering techniques Extended Kalman, Unscented Kalman and Bootstrap Particle, the hidden variables; excess demand and market liquidity, were estimated and used in an asset allocation strategy that invested in the asset when the excess demand as estimated as positive, due to

Kvantitativ analys är en teknik som syftar till att förstå komplexa system genom att använda matematisk och statistisk modellering. Det är en viktig del av dagens finansiella system och innebär bland annat att modellera den slumpmässiga utvecklingen av finansiella tillgångar, och för att förutspå verkliga händelser som till exempel förändring av riksbankens styrränta. En mycket vanlig metod som anDiffusion processes are the most commonly used models in mathematical finance, and are used extensively not only by academics but also practitioners. Nowadays a wide range of models, that can capture many of the effects observed in financial markets, are available. A very important task is to calibrate the models to observed market data and to achieve a good fit, since a slight misspecification ca