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Risk factors for stroke are well known in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, while less is known on the effect of these factors on total mortality. Our aim was to study the impact of cardiovascular drug classes on mortality in AF patients treated in primary care. The study population was chosen based on patient data from 75 primary care centres in Sweden compiled in a database. Individuals diagnos

This paper is a report of an analysis of the concept of patient autonomy

Large (> 1m) deformable mirrors with hundreds or thousands of actuators are attractive for extremely large telescopes. Use of force actuators coupled to the mirror via suction cups, and electret microphones for position sensing, has the potential of substantially reducing costs. However, a mirror controlled with force actuators will have many structural resonances within the desired system bandwid

Climate reconstructions from data sensitive to past climates provide estimates of what these climates were like. Comparing these reconstructions with simulations from climate models allows to validate the models used for future climate prediction. It has been shown that for fossil pollen data, gaining estimates by inverting a vegetation model allows inclusion of past changes in carbon dioxide valu

OBJECTIVES:: To evaluate hypothetical screening strategies in a Swedish celiac disease (CD) mass screening. PATIENTS AND METHODS:: Out of 10041 Swedish sixth-graders born in 1993 invited to a population-based CD mass screening, 7208 participated. Anti-tissue-transglutaminase (tTG) IgA were analyzed in all children and total serum IgA (s-IgA) in 7161 children. Additional analyses of tTG-IgG, endomy

Background Countdown to 2015 tracks progress towards achievement of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5, with particular emphasis on within-country inequalities. We assessed how inequalities in maternal, newborn, and child health interventions vary by intervention and country. Methods We reanalysed data for 12 maternal, newborn, and child health interventions from national surveys done in

Background: Information about cost of multiple sclerosis (MS) is available from a number of European countries, but no data from the Czech Republic have been published so far. Objective: The objective of this study was to establish the cost of MS in the Czech Republic, overall and by level of disease severity. Methods: Data on demographics, disease history, resource consumption and production loss

The escape process from the native valley for proteins subjected to a constant stretching force is examined using a model for a beta barrel. For a wide range of forces, the unfolding dynamics can be treated as one-dimensional diffusion, parametrized in terms of the end-to-end distance. In particular, the escape times can be evaluated as first passage times for a Brownian particle moving on the pro

OBJECTIVE: Age adjusted incidence of myocardial infarction has been found to vary substantially between the residential areas of the city of Malmo. The objective of this study was to assess the extent to which major biological risk factors and socio-economic circumstances account for the differences in incidence of and mortality from myocardial infarction. DESIGN: Ecological study of risk factor p

Caloplaca fuscorufa H. Magn. is a poorly known species that for a long time was known only from a single locality in Jämtland, northern Sweden, where it was collected in 1910. It has been suggested to be synonymous with C. crenularia (With.) J. R. Laundon, but has also been confused with C. exsecuta (Nyl.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth. We have compared the isotype of C. fuscorufa and material collecte

This paper investigates the relationship between institutional trust in the health-care system, i.e. an institutional aspect of social capital, and self-rated health, and whether the strength of this association is affected by access to health-care services. The 2004 public health survey in the Scania region of Sweden is a cross-sectional study; a total of 27,963 respondents aged 18–80 years answe

Background:Approximately 10-20% of stroke cases have normal blood pressure (BP). The objective of this study was to explore whether the risk of ischemic stroke is related to the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and atherosclerotic lesions in a cohort of subjects with normal BP. Methods:Common CIMT and the presence of carotid plaque were determined by B-mode ultrasound in 6,103 subjects, rando

The three basic paradigms of behaviour science, association, structure, and process, were used to anchor the simulation of new forms of social organization. These have been projected by means of a behaviour, a humanist, and a growth model. The Swedish model was also included as a possible point of reference. This article summarizes the results of two experiments, one on the assessment of quality o

The influences on gene expression by codons at positions +2, +3, +5 and +7 downstream of the initiation codon have been compared. Most of the +2 codons that are known to give low gene expression are associated with a higher expression if placed at the later positions. The NGG codons AGG, CGG, UGG and GGG, but not GGN or GNG (where N is non-G), are unique since they are associated with a very low g

Historian David Lowenthal (1985) has pointed out the past is often perceived and represented as “a foreign country” in which cultural heritage is implicitly understood to be bound to geographical territories and associated notions of what it implies to have roots, an identity, and a place in which to belong. This is the paradigmatic background against which so many heritage museums have been found